Particle beams generated by a 6–12.5 kJ dense plasma focus

Abstract

Particle beam diagnostic tools involving an ion beam Faraday cup, an electron beam Faraday cup, an electron magnetic spectrometer and solid-state nuclear track detectors have been used to measure the parameters of the particle beams generated by a Mather-type dense plasma focus. At a capacitor bank energy of 12.5 kJ, the energy spectra of the electron and ion beams are found to obey the same power laws: dN/dE«E~x where x = 3.5i0.5. Primary electron beam current and energy spectra were measured as a function of main bank current at pinch time, IMB-The primary electron beam current was found to scale as IMB* > reaching a magnitude of 17 kA for a device energy of 12.5 kJ. The exponent x of the electron energy spectra was found to scale as x « I ^15±0 ' 2 . These results are incorporated into an axial beam target model for neutron production, and it is found that this model could account for the magnitude and scaling of the observed neutron yield with IMB-ELECTRON BEAM ROGOWSKI COIL 4.45 CM ID ALUMINIUM DRIFT TUBE DPF HOLLOW-CENTRE ELECTRODE MAIN BANK ROGOWSKI COIL 2 TO 5 TORR ALUMINIUM BEAM DUMP ARMCO FRINGE FIELD SHIELD 50 n FARADAY CUP COLLECTOR FIG.4. Schematic view of electron magnetic spectrometer.

Study on electron beam emission from a low energy plasma focus device

“…The direction of the emission of electrons and ions are opposite to each other and it is towards the anode for electrons. Only a few efforts were made to study the emission of electron beams from low and medium energy plasma focus devices [7][8][9][10][11]. Most of those studies concentrate on to know about the mechanism of electron beam generation by correlating with the emission of hard X-ray [8], ion beam [11,12], neutron [13] and electrical measurement [11].…”

Deposition of Diamond-like Carbon Films using Graphite Sputtering in Neon Dense Plasma

“…The neon ions emitted from the focus region basically obey dN/dE~E -k energy relation, where N is the number of ions having energy E and k~3.5 [23]. Ion emission from plasma focus is measured by using a photoconductive GaAs detector masked with a pinhole of 50-lm diameter, placed at a distance of 8 cm in front of the anode tip.…”

Restrike Particle Beam Experiments on a Dense Plasma Focus.

“…An ion beam Faraday cup has been designed, built and tested which is capable of measuring ion energy spectra in the 20 keV to 500 keV energy range 6 and solid state nuclear track detectors 8 have been employed in a unique way to get a measure of the total number of accelerated ions (deuterons). A fast, high-current Faraday cup to observe the electron primary ctirrent has been designed and built and is presently leing tested as is a magnetic spectrometer to be used to measure the electron energy spectrum 9 . These accomplishments plus preliminary experimental results…”