Parts per quadrillion level ultra-trace determination of polar and nonpolar compounds via solvent-free capillary microextraction on surface-bonded sol–gel polytetrahydrofuran coating and gas chromatography–flame ionization detection

Kabir, Abuzar; Hamlet, Christina; Malik, Abdul

doi:10.1016/j.chroma.2004.06.078

Cited by 55 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Sol-gel hydroxyfullerene coating [17] possessed molecular planarity recognition capability for polychlorinated biphenyls. Malik and coworkers described the preparation of sol-gel polytetrahydrofuran [18] and dendrimer [19] coatings for capillary microextraction of both polar and nonpolar analytes from aqueous solutions. In our group, hydroxyl-crown ether [20,21], calixarene [22,23], poly(methylphenylvinylsiloxane) [24], silicone/divinylbenzene (DVB) [25], and open crown ether [26] coated fibers have been prepared with this technique.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High extraction efficiency fiber coated with calix[4] open‐chain crown ether for solid‐phase microextraction of polar aromatic and aliphatic compounds

Liu

Zeng²,

Lei

et al. 2005

J of Separation Science

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The calix[4] open-chain crown ether, 5,11,17,23-tetra-tert-butyl-25,27-di(2-allyloxyethoxyl)-26,28-dihydroxycalix[4]arene was synthesized and used for preparation of solid-phase microextraction (SPME) fibers of enhanced extraction efficiency. The new SPME coating made from calix[4] open-chain crown ether and hydroxyl-terminated silicone oil was developed with the aid of vinyltriethoxylsilane as bridge using sol-gel method and cross-linking technology. The efficiency of the novel fiber in the extraction of polar aromatic and aliphatic compounds, such as phenols, alcohols, and volatile fatty acids, was also investigated. Due to the introduction of the polar open-chain crown ether in calix[4]arene molecules, the calix[4] open-chain crown ether fiber showed much better selectivity and sensitivity to these polar compounds in comparison with calix[4]arene fiber. It also had superior extraction efficiency when compared to commercial poly(dimethylsiloxane)-divinylbenzene and polyacrylate fibers. Parts per billion to parts per trillion level detection limits were achieved for most of the analytes through SPME in conjunction with GC and flame ionization detector. The linear ranges were two to four orders of magnitude, and the RSD values were below 7% for all analytes. The novel fiber was applied to determine volatile alcohols and fatty acids in wine samples. The volatile-free wine prepared in this work was used to assure similar chemical environment for analytes in both calibration solutions and in real wine samples, thus compensating for possible matrix interferences. The established internal standard method using 4-methyl-2-pentanol as internal standard showed satisfactory accuracy and precision.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High extraction efficiency fiber coated with calix[4] open‐chain crown ether for solid‐phase microextraction of polar aromatic and aliphatic compounds

Liu

Zeng²,

Lei

et al. 2005

J of Separation Science

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“…The sol solutions for creating the sol-gel PEG coatings were prepared using a modified version of a previously described formulation [25,40]. Briefly, the sol solution for sol-gel PEG coating was prepared by dissolving 10 g of poly(ethylene glycol) polymer, 10 mL methyltrimethoxysilane sol-gel precursor (MTMS), 20 mL methylene chloride as the organic solvent, 4 mL trifluoroacetic acid (5% water) as the sol-gel catalyst.…”

Section: Preparation Of the Sol Solutions For Coating On The Substratementioning

confidence: 99%

Fabric Phase Sorptive Extraction Explained

et al. 2017

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Abstract:The theory and working principle of fabric phase sorptive extraction (FPSE) is presented. FPSE innovatively integrates the benefits of sol-gel coating technology and the rich surface chemistry of cellulose/polyester/fiberglass fabrics, resulting in a microextraction device with very high sorbent loading in the form of an ultra-thin coating. This porous sorbent coating and the permeable substrate synergistically facilitate fast extraction equilibrium. The flexibility of the FPSE device allows its direct insertion into original, unmodified samples of different origin. Strong chemical bonding between the sol-gel sorbent and the fabric substrate permits the exposure of FPSE devices to any organic solvent for analyte back-extraction/elution. As a representative sorbent, sol-gel poly(ethylene glycol) coating was generated on cellulose substrates. Five (cm 2 ) segments of these coated fabrics were used as the FPSE devices for sample preparation using direct immersion mode. An important class of environmental pollutants-substituted phenols-was used as model compounds to evaluate the extraction performance of FPSE. The high primary contact surface area (PCSA) of the FPSE device and porous structure of the sol-gel coatings resulted in very high sample capacities and incredible extraction sensitivities in a relatively short period of time. Different extraction parameters were evaluated and optimized. The new extraction devices demonstrated part per trillion level detection limits for substitute phenols, a wide range of detection linearity, and good performance reproducibility.

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“…The sol solutions for creating the sol-gel PEG coatings were prepared using a modified version of a previously described formulation [25,49]. Briefly, the sol solution for sol-gel PEG coating was prepared by dissolving 10 g of poly(ethylene glycol) polymer, 10 mL methyltrimethoxysilane sol-gel precursor (MTMS), 20 mL methylene chloride as the organic solvent, 4 mL trifluoroacetic acid (5% water) as the sol-gel catalyst.…”

Section: Preparation Of the Sol Solutions For Coating On The Substratmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabric Phase Sorptive Extraction Explained

Kabir¹,

Mesa²,

Jurmain³

et al. 2017

Preprint

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The theory and working principle of fabric phase sorptive extraction (FPSE) is presented that eloquently explains the mystery behind this new and powerful sample preparation technique. FPSE innovatively integrates the benefits of sol-gel coating technology and the rich surface chemistry of cellulose/polyester/fiberglass fabric, resulting in a microextraction device with very high sorbent loading in the form of an ultra-thin coating. This porous sorbent coating and the permeable substrate synergistically facilitate very fast extraction equilibrium. The flexibility of the FPSE device allows for direct insertion into original, unmodified samples of different origin. Strong chemical bonding between the sol-gel sorbent and the fabric substrate permits the exposure of FPSE devices to any organic solvent for analyte back-extraction/elution and to highly acidic or basic environments (pH 1-12) if required. A sol-gel derived sorbent, highly polar sol-gel poly(ethylene glycol) coating, was generated on cellulose substrates. Five cm 2 segments of these coated fabrics were used as the FPSE devices for sample preparation using direct immersion. An important class of environmental pollutants, substituted phenols, was used as model compounds to evaluate the extraction performance of FPSE. The high primary contact surface area (PCSA) of the FPSE device and porous structure of the sol-gel coatings resulted in very high sample capacities and incredible extraction sensitivities for both the compound classes in a relatively short period of time. Different extraction parameters were evaluated and optimized. The new extraction devices demonstrated part per trillion level detection limits for substitute phenols, a wide range of detection linearity, and good performance reproducibility.

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Parts per quadrillion level ultra-trace determination of polar and nonpolar compounds via solvent-free capillary microextraction on surface-bonded sol–gel polytetrahydrofuran coating and gas chromatography–flame ionization detection

Cited by 55 publications

References 48 publications

High extraction efficiency fiber coated with calix[4] open‐chain crown ether for solid‐phase microextraction of polar aromatic and aliphatic compounds

High extraction efficiency fiber coated with calix[4] open‐chain crown ether for solid‐phase microextraction of polar aromatic and aliphatic compounds

Fabric Phase Sorptive Extraction Explained

Fabric Phase Sorptive Extraction Explained

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