Peculiarities of the Gut Microbiota in Patients With Migraine Comparing to Healthy Individuals

Abstract

The aim: Analyze the gut microbiome state in patients with migraine (M) and healthy individuals, to assess possible correlations between the detected changes in patients with migraine and the frequency, intensity of headaches, psycho-emotional state of the patients, and their quality of life. Materials and methods: 100 objects were enrolled, divided into 2 groups: main – patients with M and control – healthy volunteers. Investigation of the intestinal microbiome was performed by chromato-mass spectrometry. For M patients the following scales were used: Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), Migraine Disability Assessment (MIDAS), Back Depression Inventory (BDI). Results: In main group increased amount of Alcaligenes spp (p = 0.0061), Clostridium coccoides (p = 0.0021), Clostridium propionicum (p = 0.0287), Eggerthella lenta (p = 0.0138), Pseudonocardia spp (p = 0.0210), Rhodococcus spp (p = 0.0164), Candida spp (p = 0.0079), Micromycetes spp (campesterol) (p = 0.0011) were found. Patients with M had a raised amount of Herpes simplex (p = 0.0305) and endotoxin level (p = 0.0459). Differences in gut microorganisms in both groups were significant. In patients with M negative correlations were observed between Alcaligenes spp ammount and BDI score (r = -0.6226, p =0.007), VAS score (r = -0.489, p = 0.046), headache frequency (r = -0.487, p = 0.046); between the levels of Clostridium coccoides and MIDAS score (r =-0.51, p = 0.035), BDI score (r = -0.54, p = 0.025) and positive correlation between Eggerthella lenta level and VAS score (r =0.4830, p=0.049). Conclusions: Correlations between changes of gut microbiome and M are promising for further research.

Gut dysbiosis in patients with chronic pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis

“…Flavonifractor plautii had an increased abundance in patients with migraine and fibromyalgia ( 32 , 42 ). Finally, Eggerthella lenta also increased in patients with migraine ( 32 , 39 ).…”

To analyze the relationship between gut microbiota, metabolites and migraine: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study

“…Some observational studies have reported a relationship between gut microbiota and migraine ( Chen et al, 2019 ; Georgescu et al, 2019 ; Geisler et al, 2021 ; Kopchak et al, 2022 ; Kopchak and Hrytsenko, 2022 ; Liu et al, 2022 ; Miao et al, 2022 ; Bai et al, 2023 ; Yong et al, 2023 ). In the present study, the genus LachnospiraceaeUCG001 , which had not previously been identified, was discovered to be a risk factor for migraine for the first time.…”

“…Several observational studies have found notable differences in the makeup and quantity of certain resident microorganisms in people with migraine compared to those without, including increased amounts of Alcaligenes , Clostridium coccoides , and Eggerthella lenta and a decreased proportion of Faecalibacterium prausnitzii and Bifidobacterium adolescentis ( Chen et al, 2019 ; Georgescu et al, 2019 ; Kopchak et al, 2022 ; Kopchak and Hrytsenko, 2022 ). Additionally, it was shown that the frequency and intensity of migraine attacks were negatively associated with the abundance of Alcaligenes ; Eggerthella lenta levels were positively correlated with visual analog scores in people with migraine ( Kopchak et al, 2022 ; Kopchak and Hrytsenko, 2022 ). The categories in the oral microbiome of people with migraine and people without differed in a study using 16S rRNA gene sequencing ( Jiang et al, 2021 ).…”

Migraine as a Disease Associated with Dysbiosis and Possible Therapy with Fecal Microbiota Transplantation

“…The metabolic pathways of tryptophan are most effective in five intestinal phylums: Actinobacteria, Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria, and Fusobacteria . In addition, five genera, namely Clostridium, Burkholderia, Streptomyces, Pseudomonas , and Bacillus , also have greater potential for the metabolism of tryptophan in the intestine [ 31 ]. These tryptophan metabolites can exert an opposite effect on neuroactivity.…”

“…The kynureine and quinolonate production depletes the supply of tryptophan and tryptamine as the precursors of serotonin. The literature suggests a probable role of certain genera such as Holdemania, Tyzzerella, Desulfovibrio, Yersinia, Bacillus, Clostridium, and Ruminococcus in regulating serotonin release through tryptamine production, positively influencing the host neurophysiology, in contrast to the negative effect of kynurenine and quinolinate as discussed above [ 31 ]. The most important metabolites in preventions of migraine severity and frequency and their producers are summarized in Table 1 .…”