Penerapan Istirahat Aktif Meningkatkan Kapasitas Kerja Dan Produktivitas Pekerja Bagian Pembentukan Keramik Di Btikk BPPT Bali

Abstract

Sikap kerja duduk statis dalam waktu 7 jam pada pekerja pembentukan keramik dengan mesin electric wheel di industri keramik dapat menimbulkan kelelahan dan keluhan muskuloskeletal. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mencari solusi untuk meningkatkan kapasitas kerja dinilai dari penurunan kelelahan dan penurunan keluhan muskuloskeletal serta meningkatkan produktivitas pada pekerja bagian pembentukan keramik di BTIKK BPPT Bali.
 Telah dilakukan penelitian di BTIKK BPPT Bali, dengan rancangan sama subjek terhadap
 10 orang pekerja. Periode I (P0) proses pembentukan keramik dengan mesin electric wheel tanpa intervensi. Periode II (P1) dengan intervensi penerapan istirahat aktif berupa Workplace Stretching Exercise dan berjalan untuk mengambil minum. Perbedaan rerata kapasitas kerja berdasarkan penurunan kelelahan dan keluhan muskuloskeletal, serta peningkatan produktivitas dianalisis untuk menguji perbedaannya, pada tingkat kemaknaan ?=0,05 saat sebelum dan sesudah bekerja antara kedua periode.
 Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kelelahan Periode I sesudah bekerja 68,60±3,23; Periode II sesudah bekerja 56,40±1,84, terjadi penurunan sebesar 17,78%. Keluhan muskuloskeletal Periode I sesudah bekerja 64,90±1,90; Periode II sesudah bekerja 55,40±1,84, terjadi penurunan sebesar
 14,63%. Produktivitas Periode I 0,63±0,16 dan Periode II 0,75±0,19, terjadi peningkatan sebesar
 19,05%. Terjadi penurunan kelelahan dan keluhan muskuloskeletal serta produktivitas meningkat secara bermakna (p<0,05).
 Dapat disimpulkan bahwa penerapan istirahat aktif berupa Workplace Stretching Exercise dan berjalan untuk mengambil minum dapat meningkatkan kapasitas kerja dan produktivitas kerja bagian pembentukan keramik dengan mesin electric wheel di BTIKK BPPT Bali. Disarankan untuk diterapkan di BTIKK BPPT Bali agar dapat mengurangi kelelahan dan keluhan muskuloskeletal akibat proses kerja.

Giving Active Breaks and Snack Reduced Fatigue and Improved Motivation of Work And Productivity of Jaja Gipang Employee

“…The reduction in fatigue is physiologically caused by the oxygen supply obtained after active rest and the nutritional intake obtained by the gipang workers. Regarding these findings, several researchers reported that providing adequate and appropriate active rest can reduce fatigue in workers by 17.78% (Puspadewi, et al, 2018); improving working conditions through a total ergonomic approach, namely regulating work attitudes, providing short breaks, and providing tea can reduce worker fatigue from 37.77% to 35.37% (Adiatmika, 2007); giving bananas, short breaks and stretching can reduce worker fatigue in oil palm harvesters by 23.75% (Damantalm, 2018); giving snacks in the form of sweet tea and applying short breaks to odontectomy practitioners in the Department of Dentistry can reduce fatigue 52.73% to 47.00% (Wiradharma, 2012); and the application of active rest to sculptors associated with the culture that is developing in the local community, namely at Tengai Tepet or 12.00 WITA and Sandikala or 18.30 WITA may not do work and are able to improve blood circulation so that resulting in a decrease in fatigue by 11.27% (Sutajaya & Ristiati, 2014). The results of hypothesis testing on work motivation can be seen in Table 2.…”

Reducing Cts Complaints and the Fatigue of Rock Breaker Through Ergonomics Approach By Exercising Nerve-Tendon Mobilization and Short Break

“…Reducing CTS Complaints and the Fatigue of Rock Breaker through Ergonomics Approach by Exercising Nerve-Tendon Mobilization and Short Break 1144 (Chakrabarty et al, 2016). Short breaks can also reduce the workload, provide an opportunity for the body to recover through valodilation of blood vessels and help the heart's function to be as good as its original condition (Sutapa, Sudiarsa, & Susila, 2017), making its cells able to relax and reduce musculoskeletal disorders (Puspadewi et al, 2018), and prevent the accumulation of fatigue (Dewi et al, 2018).…”

“…Of the three types of fatigue associated with weakened activity, weakened motivation, physical fatigue, it was found that the intervention of nerve-tendon mobilization exercise and short break through an ergonomic approach had the most effect on the type of physical fatigue felt by workers with a decreasing effect of 11.16%. By applying the intervention of mobilization exercises to the tissues involved in the work process, it will provide opportunities for the tissues to stretch so as to reduce tissue tension, vascular reactivity, facilitate venous return, facilitate circulation of nutrients to the tissues, and result in increased blood flow to the tissues (Atya & Mansour, 2011;Coppieters & Butler, 2008;Muliarta et al, 2020;Puspadewi et al, 2018). Due to the success of this intervention in reducing musculoskeletal disorders, the workers felt less tired.…”

“…The workers should avoid working nonstop of their full working hours because they should have a rest for the sake of their own health and also to ensure they can they optimilized their job. Short break will help the body to recover through vasodilation of blood vessels so that the heart's burden is reduced and even regain its original condition (Sutapa et al, 2017), providing an opportunity for muscles to relax so the cells can recover muscles that can reduce musculoskeletal disorders (Damantalm et al, 2018;Puspadewi et al, 2018), and prevent the accumulation of fatigue (Dewi et al, 2018;Dhari, Muliarta, & Adiputra, 2017). Research by Sarker (2021) bears similar results to this study, the impact of short breaks to the workers who perform monotonous work or tasks can crucially reduce the cause of fatigue by preventing muscle discomfort.…”

“…Several other research claims that the main outcome obtained from applying nerve-tendon mobilization exercises is an increase in vascular reactivity. It can also give an effect on increasing axonal transport and nerve conduction, resulting in improvements of functional state and perceived fatigue (Coppieters & Butler, 2008;Puspadewi, Adiatmika, & Sutarja, 2018).…”