Pharmacokinetics and clinical efficacy of a cinchophen and prednisolone combination in the dog

Abstract

The kinetics and efficacy of a cinchophen prednisolone combination preparation (PLT) were assessed in the dog. Cinchophen administered at a dose rate of 12-5 mg/kg intravenously had a volume of distribution (Vd area) of 0???13 litres/kg, a clearance rate (Cl) of 0???15 litres/h and a half-life (t 1/2?? of 7???92 hours. Following oral administration the bioavailability was 87-21 per cent. Prednisolone administered at a dose rate of 0???15 mg/kg intravenously had a Vd area of 2???7 litres/kg, a CI of 0???116 litres/h and a t1/2?? of 1???11 hours. PLT given to dogs with osteoarthritis at a dosage range of between 25 and 44 mg/kg per day cinchophen and between 0???125 and 0???220 mg/kg per day prednisolone for a maximum of 14 days significantly improved lameness (P<0???001), weight bearing (P<0???005), joint mobility (P<0???01) and stiffness (P<0???001) scores and was similar in clinical efficacy to phenylbutazon

Therapeutic options for the treatment of chronic pain in dogs

“…This product has been shown to give equivalent analgesia to phenylbutazone in dogs with osteoarthritis (McKellar et al . ). The concurrent use of glucocorticoids and NSAIDs should be avoided because of the increased risk of gastrointestinal ulceration.…”

“…A licensed veterinary compound of prednisolone and cinchophen is available in the UK for the treatment of osteoarthritis in the dog. This product has been shown to give equivalent analgesia to phenylbutazone in dogs with osteoarthritis (McKellar et al 1991). The concurrent use of glucocorticoids and NSAIDs should be avoided because of the increased risk of gastrointestinal ulceration.…”

Pharmacology and therapeutics of non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs in the dog and cat: 2 Individual agents

“…The oxicams share with other NSAIDs the inhibitory effect on cyclo-oxygenase which prevent the generation of proinflammatory prostanoids (Wiseman 1985). Piroxicam inhibits the generation of thromboxane B, in the blood of dogs by more than 90 per cent following intravenous administration at a dose rate of 0.3 mg/kg (Galbraith and McKellar 1991) and miloxicam is a potent inhibitor of TXB,, 6-keto PGF, and bicyclic PGE, in inflammatory exudate in an equine model of acute inflammation (Lees and others 1991). All the oxicams have antiinflammatory anti-arthritic, analgesic and antipyretic activity which differ only in potency in the commonly used laboratory models of activity (Wiseman 1985).…”

“…The pharmacokinetics of the oxicams in the dog are characterised by very long elimination half-lives which have been estimated at 3 7 hours (Wiseman 1980) or 40 hours (Galbraith and McKellar 1991) for piroxicam, 38 hours (Viau and others 1975) for isoxicam and 60 hours (Viau and others 1975) for sudoxicam. Piroxicam has also been shown to have a small volume of distribution (approximately 0-291/kg) and to be well absorbed (approximately 100 per cent) with a short tmax of 1.4 hours following oral administration.…”

“…Piroxicam has also been shown to have a small volume of distribution (approximately 0-291/kg) and to be well absorbed (approximately 100 per cent) with a short tmax of 1.4 hours following oral administration. It also undergoes extensive enterohepatic recycling which may account for its extremely long half-life (Galbraith and McKellar, 1991).…”