“…As an effect of the so-called 'PISA shock', this 'orchestration' or coordination of action abruptly manifested. Referring to the 'PISA shock' in an international context does, however, require some explanation, since in many other OECD countries PISA's results were acknowledged but did not cause as intense political debates as they did in Germany (Tillmann, Dedering, Kneuper, Kuhlmann, & Nessel, 2008). The firm belief that the German schooling system was extremely efficient and, therefore, fit for international competition, was heavily shaken by the PISA inquiry's results which were, if not entirely poor, still far below expectations.…”