Placebo-Controlled Study of Lisinopril in Congestive Heart Failure

2009 Focused Update Incorporated Into the ACC/AHA 2005 Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of Heart Failure in Adults

“…148,149 Patients with mild HF respond favorably to low doses because they absorb diuretics rapidly from the bowel and deliver these drugs rapidly to the renal tubules. However, as HF advances, the absorption of the drug may be delayed by bowel edema or intestinal hypoperfusion, and the delivery of the drug and the response to a given intratubular concentration may be impaired by a decline in renal perfusion and function.…”

“…Analysis of this collective experience indicates that ACEIs can alleviate symptoms, improve clinical status, and enhance the overall sense of well-being of patients with HF. 145,[147][148][149][150][151][152][153][154][155][156][157] In addition, ACEIs can reduce the risk of death and the combined risk of death or hospitalization. [155][156][157] These benefits of ACE inhibition were seen in patients with mild, moderate, or severe symptoms and in patients with or without coronary artery disease.…”

ACC/AHA 2005 Guideline Update for the Diagnosis and Management of Chronic Heart Failure in the Adult

“…Analysis of this collective experience indicates that ACEIs can alleviate symptoms, improve clinical status, and enhance the overall sense of well-being of patients with HF (184)(185)(186)(187)(188)(189)(190)(191)(192)(193)(194)(195). In addition, ACEIs can reduce the risk of death and the combined risk of death or hospitalization (193)(194)(195).…”

Lisinopril dose‐response relationship in essential hypertension.

“…Lisinopril effectively lowers blood pressure in patients with essential (Bolzano et al, 1987;Morlin etal., 1987;Pool etal., 1987;Zachariah et al, 1987) and renovascular (Donohoe et al, 1987;Fyhrquist et al, 1987) hypertension, and improves signs and symptoms in congestive heart failure (Chalmers et al, 1987;Powers et al, 1987). Clinical experience to date indicates that lisinopril is safe and well tolerated (Rush & Merrill, 1987).…”