PM2.5-bound phthalates in indoor and outdoor air in Beijing: Seasonal distributions and human exposure via inhalation

Chen, Ying; Lv, Dong; Li, Xinghua

doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2018.05.081

Cited by 68 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…Twenty papers reported HPLs in the living rooms, 14 papers in the bedrooms, and 17 papers in the kitchens. General information of studies included for the final analysis 13,28‐89 was listed in Table S2.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization and exposure assessment of household fine particulate matter pollution in China

et al. 2021

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Household fine particulate matter (PM2.5) pollution greatly impacts residents' health. To explore the current national situation of household PM2.5 pollution in China, a study was conducted based on literature published from 1998 to 2018. After extracting data from the literature in conformity with the requirements, the nationwide household‐weighted mean concentration of household PM2.5 (HPL) was calculated. Subgroup analyses of spatial, geographic, and temporal differences were also done. The estimated overall HPL in China was 132.2 ± 117.7 μg/m3. HPL in the rural area (164.3 ± 104.5 μg/m3) was higher than that in the urban area (123.9 ± 122.3 μg/m3). For HPLs of indoor sampling sites, the kitchen was the highest, followed by the bedroom and living room. There were significant differences of geographic distributions. The HPLs in the South were higher than the North in four seasons. The inhaled dose of household PM2.5 among school‐age children differed from provinces with the highest dose up to 5.9 μg/(kg·d). Countermeasures should be carried out to reduce indoor pollution and safeguard health urgently.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization and exposure assessment of household fine particulate matter pollution in China

et al. 2021

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“…There may be many more of this type of substance, considering that the CAS (Chemical Abstract Service) database currently contains more than 133 million unique organic and inorganic chemicals, such as alloys, coordination compounds, minerals, mixtures, polymers and salts. Over the last decade, numerous studies have confirmed the occurrence of exposure and adverse effects of various chemicals that are commonly found in water, air and food at low concentrations levels (Han et al 2018;Chen et al 2018;Ten Dam et al 2012) and interact with the endocrine system of humans and animals (Colborn et al 1993;Safe 2000;Cooper and Kavlock 1997). In addition to the external environment, it appears that the internal environment can also be a major source of contamination by endocrine active or suspected endocrine agents (Wallace et al 1985;Moreau-Guigon and Chevreuil 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of phthalates in particulate matter and gaseous phase emitted into the air of the working environment

Szewczyńska

Pośniak

2019

Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol.

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The paper presents the results of phthalates measurements in 4 companies producing or processing materials made of rubber and plastics. Six priority phthalates were determined in air samples both in the respirable and inhalable particle fractions. For the determination of phthalates, GC/MS was applied, which ensures the determination of the method at the level of 0.066 µg/ m 3 for fibreglass filter and polyurethane foam and 0.022 µg/m 3 for Amberlite resin XAD-2, while taking 720 L of air samples. The results of the measurements showed that dimethyl phthalate, diethyl phthalate and dibutyl phthalate (DBP) dominated in all the investigated companies in the gaseous phase of air sampling. For example, in a company producing rubber details for car accessories, the concentration of DBP ranged from 54 to 74% of the total phthalate concentration determined in the gaseous phase. The inhalable particle fraction was dominated by two compounds, i.e. DBP and di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate DEHP, and their total concentration was a significant percentage, on average over 83% of the sum of all phthalates determined in the inhalable fraction in the investigated companies. As particle size affects the location of phthalate deposition in the respiratory tract, the determination of concentration levels of individual phthalates in the gaseous phase and in inhalable and respirable fractions can provide valuable information that can be used to improve the health and safety of workers at work.

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“…Despite the common occurrence of phthalates in the indoor air in factories, offices, healthcare facilities, school, kindergartens, as well as in private homes, they have not been sufficiently characterized and recognized. The studies of the latest 10 years on the assessment of exposure to these substances come primarily from Asian countries (Chen et al 2018;Song et al 2015;Wang et al 2015;Zhang et al 2014). The results of occupational exposure assessment to several phthalates in gaseous and particle fraction during plastics and rubber processing were also previously published by the authors (Szewczyńska et al 2019).…”

Section: Practical Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The results showed that the concentrations of 6 PAEs in indoor PM10 were in the range of 13.88–1591.27 ng/m 3 and PM2.5 fraction was in the range of 7.26–1244.18 ng/m 3 . In their study, DBP was the most common phthalate followed by DEHP (Chen et al 2018 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of phthalates in particulate matter and gaseous phase emitted in indoor air of offices

Szewczyńska

Dobrzyńska

2020

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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Phthalate esters (PAEs) are endocrine disrupters and can disrupt the functioning of different hormones, causing adverse effects on human health. Due to the potential exposure to phthalates in office rooms, their concentrations in the air of these premises after their renovation and furnishing were determined. The aim of the study was to determine the content of these compounds in the gas phase and adsorbed on the particles. Thus, the combined sampler with filters and adsorption tube was used for air sampling. Samples were analyzed by GC-MS. The gas fraction was dominated by dimethyl phthalate (DMP), diethyl phthalate (DEP), and the inhalable fraction by dibutyl phthalate (DBP) and 2-(diethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP). The total concentration of phthalates in the respirable fraction in the furnished rooms was as much as 92% of the phthalates determined in the inhalable fraction. In the rooms immediately after renovation and those arranged and used by employees for 7 months, their concentration in the respirable fraction did not exceed 25% of the phthalates in the inhalable fraction. Phthalate concentration in the renovated rooms after 7 months of their usage dropped by 84% in relation to PAEs concentration in newly arranged rooms and by 68% in relation to the phthalate concentration in empty rooms.

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PM2.5-bound phthalates in indoor and outdoor air in Beijing: Seasonal distributions and human exposure via inhalation

Cited by 68 publications

References 56 publications

Characterization and exposure assessment of household fine particulate matter pollution in China

Characterization and exposure assessment of household fine particulate matter pollution in China

Determination of phthalates in particulate matter and gaseous phase emitted into the air of the working environment

Determination of phthalates in particulate matter and gaseous phase emitted in indoor air of offices

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