Post-Disaster Survey of Storm Surge and Waves Along the Coast of Batanes, the Philippines, Caused by Super Typhoon Meranti/Ferdie

Tajima, Yoshimitsu; Lapidez, John Phillip; Camelo, Jeane; Saito, Mikihisa; Matsuba, Yoshinao; Shimozono, Takenori; Bautista, Dominic; Turiano, M.C.; Cruz, Eric C.

doi:10.1142/s0578563417500097

Cited by 24 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…As a reference, we measured the shelf width (water depth <100 m) (W) in front of each runup measurement point and compared it with the runup values (R) (Table 2, Figure 9(c)). In contrast to the study by Shimozono et al (2015), no correlations can be established between W and R. This is similar to the result previously reported by Tajima et al (2017) for Super Typhoon Meranti (October 2016). The lack of correlation between W and R can be attributed to other factors, such as the sheltering effects of neighboring islands which could protect Dominica against the storm waves (Tajima et al 2017).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

“…In contrast to the study by Shimozono et al (2015), no correlations can be established between W and R. This is similar to the result previously reported by Tajima et al (2017) for Super Typhoon Meranti (October 2016). The lack of correlation between W and R can be attributed to other factors, such as the sheltering effects of neighboring islands which could protect Dominica against the storm waves (Tajima et al 2017). In addition, as there are many small islands in the east Caribbean Sea (Figure 1(c)) which form a discontinuous border with several straits between them, any wind-dragged water mass piled up along the coasts will likely leak through the straits between the islands; consequently storms may not gain significant heights along the coasts of the east Caribbean Sea.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

“…For instance, the 2005 Cat-3 Hurricane Katrina produced runup heights of more than 10 m along the south coast of the USA (Fritz et al 2007) and the 2012 Cat-3 Hurricane Sandy's runup heights were up to 6.5 m along the USA coasts (Irish et al 2013). Super typhoon Meranti (October 2016) produced a maximum runup height of 8.6 m along the north coast of the Philippines (Tajima et al 2017). In general, various factors contribute to the surge/wave heights of a hurricane, notably: high-velocity winds acting on the ocean surface (Harris 1957); local bathymetry and related effects such as funneling (Mori et al 2014); the hurricane pressure field acting on the ocean surface; and hurricane path relative to the coast, which determines the fetch length (Raichlen 2013).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Storm wave runups and sea level variations for the September 2017 Hurricane Maria along the coast of Dominica, eastern Caribbean sea: evidence from field surveys and sea-level data analysis

Heidarzadeh

Teeuw

Day

et al. 2018

Coastal Engineering Journal

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Dominica, along with several other Caribbean islands, was severely damaged by category-5 Hurricane Maria in September 2017. The hurricane left 68 people dead or missing, marking Maria as the worst natural catastrophe to hit this small island nation. Here, we report the results of our coastal runup field survey in February 2018 and of tide gauge sea-level data analysis. Analysis of tide gauge records shows that the duration of Maria's surge varied between 2.1 and 2.6 days in the Caribbean region and was 2.1 days at Marigot, Dominica. The surge amplitude was 75 cm in Marigot, which indicates that the size of the surge was small for a category-5 hurricane. The measured field survey runups were from 1.0 to 3.7 m, with the maximum runup at Scotts Head on the southern tip of Dominica. The largest measured runups were concentrated along the west coast of the southern half of the island and consistently decreased northwards. We attribute the observed damage to coastal structures to four mechanisms: surge/wave erosion; surge/wave forces/impacts; debris impacts to coastal structures involving in particular floating tree debris brought to the sea by river floods associated with Hurricane Maria; and intense coastal sedimentation, involving sediment brought to the sea by river floods. A flowchart of the hurricane-driven damage mechanisms is presented which provides the propagating sequence, or cascade, of events that contributed to damage and emphasizes the interactions between different processes in the hurricane. ARTICLE HISTORY

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Storm wave runups and sea level variations for the September 2017 Hurricane Maria along the coast of Dominica, eastern Caribbean sea: evidence from field surveys and sea-level data analysis

Heidarzadeh

Teeuw

Day

et al. 2018

Coastal Engineering Journal

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“…In addition, this study only focuses on tsunami hazards over fringing reefs while extensive damage induced by stormy waves is another flooding hazard frequently reported in reeflined coasts (e.g. Yamano et al 2007;Tajima et al 2014Tajima et al , 2017. Existing studies (e.g.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of climate change on tsunami-like solitary wave inundation over fringing reefs

Shao

Liu

Gao

et al. 2019

Journal of Integrative Environmental Sciences

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The protective capability of fringing reefs against tsunami hazards has been reported in numerous post-disaster surveys. It is believed that global warming is changing the water level over the reef flat and reef surface roughness by sea-level rise and coral bleaching. For a better understanding of the influence of climate change on tsunami hazards over fringing reefs, this study utilized a shockcapturing Boussinesq wave model, FUNWAVE-TVD, to simulate the tsunami-like solitary wave propagation and run-up over fringing reefs. Calibrated and validated by the newly obtained experimental data, the present model with shock-capturing scheme, in which only the ratio of wave height to water depth is used to trigger wave breaking, shows reasonable prediction of solitary wave transformation and run-up height over sharply varying reef bathymetry. Numerical experiments were then carried out to investigate the effects of sea-level rise and degrading of the reef surface roughness on the solitary wave inundation distance and fluid force distribution in the inundation zone. Numerical results clearly demonstrate how tsunami hazards change within the inundation zone in response to higher water levels and lower reef roughness and suggest climate change, especially sea-level rise, will significantly increase tsunami hazards in the low-lying areas of the reef-lined coasts. Presented results are discussed for the effects of sea-level rise and coral bleaching on the solitary wave process and implications to further improve the resilience under the threat of climate change. ARTICLE HISTORY

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“…The existence of mangroves is important to reduce the level of vulnerability to disasters caused by ocean waves, such as tsunamis (McElduff et al, 2016). Therefore, communities' involvement in coastal areas and islands to protect the sustainability of mangroves is important (Bergman & Ramqvist, 2017;Duggan & White, 2010;Tajima et al, 2017). On the other hand, changes in mangrove areas and land use in waters can be analyzed using spatial data (Hossain et al, 2020;Macedo et al, 2010;Udo et al, 2016).…”

Section: Sustainable Livelihood Through Ecotourism : Sustainable Livelihood Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mangrove Monitoring Using Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (Ndvi): Case Study in North Halmahera, Indonesia

Singgalen

Gudiato

Prasetyo

et al. 2021

J. Ilmu dan Teknologi Kelautan Tropis

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Community-based ecotourism is an appropriate approach which is effectively preserved mangrove sustainability. As an effort to identify the priority areas of mangrove development, mangrove density levels need to be analyzed. The distribution of mangroves with the lowest average density value needs to be prioritized as a preservation and conservation strategy through community-based ecotourism concept. This article aims to identify the distribution of mangroves using the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) model in North Halmahera Regency, Indonesia. Also, discuss the sustainable livelihoods' perspective. This study adopted a mixed-method. Data processing is divided into two stages: first stage, mapping the distribution of mangroves based on density levels; second stage, triangulation. Landsat 8 operational land imager (OLI) in 2013 and 2021 were used as primary data to get the NDVI value, and categorized mangrove density level in Pilawang Cape, Kumo Island, Kakara Island, Maiti Island, and Tagalaya Island. The findings show that Pilawang Cape has the lowest NDVI value. The average NDVI value in 2021 is 0.22 which can be categorized as a rare mangrove forest according to the mangrove standard damage criteria. Thus, Mangrove area in Pilawang Cape needs to be prioritized as a preservation and conservation strategy through community-based ecotourism concept.

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Post-Disaster Survey of Storm Surge and Waves Along the Coast of Batanes, the Philippines, Caused by Super Typhoon Meranti/Ferdie

Cited by 24 publications

References 3 publications

Storm wave runups and sea level variations for the September 2017 Hurricane Maria along the coast of Dominica, eastern Caribbean sea: evidence from field surveys and sea-level data analysis

Storm wave runups and sea level variations for the September 2017 Hurricane Maria along the coast of Dominica, eastern Caribbean sea: evidence from field surveys and sea-level data analysis

The influence of climate change on tsunami-like solitary wave inundation over fringing reefs

Mangrove Monitoring Using Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (Ndvi): Case Study in North Halmahera, Indonesia

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