Pre-Hispanic Fishing Structures Preserved on the Central Coast of Ecuador

Dubois, Cristian Mario Favier; Lobos, D. Storchi; Lunniss, Richard; Mendoza, Arévalo; Aguilú, Juan José Ortiz

doi:10.1007/s11457-018-9202-6

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…In the Amazon Basin, there is a dearth of archaeological research concerning what structures are connected to fishing and water storage and what their function may have been. This contrasts with the information available on the Brazilian Atlantic coast ( Nery, 1995 ), the Amazon River estuary ( Bezerra, 2017 ), Atlantic coast of southeastern and southern Brazil ( Noelli et al, 1995 ; Borges, 2016 ), Pacific Coast ( Favier Dubois et al, 2019 ), and the Andes ( Lane, 2014 ).…”

Section: Archaeological and Historical Evidence Of Managed Structuresmentioning

confidence: 87%

Waterscapes domestication: an alternative approach for interactions among humans, animals, and aquatic environments in Amazonia across time

Prestes-Carneiro

Barboza

et al. 2021

Animal Frontiers

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Section: Archaeological and Historical Evidence Of Managed Structuresmentioning

confidence: 87%

Waterscapes domestication: an alternative approach for interactions among humans, animals, and aquatic environments in Amazonia across time

Prestes-Carneiro

Barboza

et al. 2021

Animal Frontiers

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“…Las investigaciones arqueológicas también están poniendo de manifiesto el crecimiento orgánico y la continuidad de algunos asentamientos, cuando menos desde el periodo Guangala (500 a.C.-600 d.C.), tal y como se observa, por ejemplo, en la superposición de fases en yacimientos como Japotó (Bouchard, 2010) o recientemente en Ligüiqui (Fabier et. al., 2019;Castro-Priego & Olmo-Enciso, 2019), que se unen a los datos aportados por Salango Béarez, Gay & Lunniss, 2012).…”

Section: La Cultura Manteña-huancavilca: Principales Elementos Caracterizadoresunclassified

“…Los resultados obtenidos hasta ahora, que suponen un avance muy significativo para la comprensión de los paisajes prehispánicos del Ecuador, también están poniendo de manifiesto el crecimiento orgánico del espacio social Manteño-Huancavilca a lo largo de periodos prolongados. Es un proceso común con otros yacimientos bien conocidos como Japotó (Bouchard, 2010) o Ligüiqui (Castro & Olmo, 2019), que señalan la reutilización de las mismas áreas y la continuidad de algunos asentamientos, al menos desde el periodo Guangala (500 a.C.-600 a.C.) (Fabier et. al., 2019).…”

Section: Conclusionesunclassified

Espacios agrarios, asentamientos prehispánicos y tecnología LiDAR en el área costera central del Ecuador

Priego

Olmo-Enciso

Labrada-Ochoa³

et al. 2021

Virtual archaeol. rev.

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The use of Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) technology has revolutionised pre-Hispanic archaeology in large tracts of Central America (Canuto et. al. 2018; Fisher et al. 2016; Garrison et al. 2019; Chase & Weishampel, 2016). This contribution is particularly significant in areas in which jungles and a complex orography had precluded the implementation of large-scale landscape archaeology studies.Although this technology has not been used in South America as intensively as in Central America (Mexico, Guatemala and Honduras, among others), LiDAR is beginning to be used to answer questions concerning the interaction between the landscape, pre-Hispanic societies and their economic exploitation strategies (Amazonia, Peru) (Van Valkenburg et al., 2020). This work analyses one of the most important archaeological areas in central Ecuador, Cerros de Hojas-Jaboncillo (Figs. 1 & 2), which has traditionally been identified as a major centre of the Manteña culture. This culture spanned the current provinces of Manabí, Santa Elena and Guayas between the 8th and 15th centuries AD.Although the site was discovered in the early 20th century (Saville, 1907 & 1910; Estrada, 1957) on the slopes and summits of the Chongón-Colonche and Balzar hills range (formerly called Sierra de Bálsamo), it has not been until recent moments that the characterization of its extension, its spatial conformation, as well as the main geoarchaeological characteristics of the site have begun to be possible (López, 2008; Delgado, 2009; Tobar, 2012; Lunniss, 2012; Veintimilla-Bustamante, 2012). The limitations of previous studies were largely due to the prevalence of thick sub-tropical forests, whose trees are sometimes 14 m tall.In 2016, a large-scale LiDAR flight covering 147.78 km² at a density of 9 ppm² has revealed the main features of the archaeological complex, including various sites that illustrate a multi-nuclear settlement pattern (Figs. 5, 8 & 10). The study suggests that settlements, between 0.5 and 3 ha in size (Fig. 8), followed a common pattern, standing on small long hilltop plateaus. The complexes were visually connected and were linked by a road network.There is little doubt that one of the most important discoveries concerns the relationship between archaeological sites and complex agrarian systems, which point to the exploitation of wide areas. These had irrigation systems that involved rainwater retention and water resources maximisation (Figs. 6 & 8). The system made intensive rainwater use during the humid season (December-May); it also took advantage of the coastal mists that ensure precipitations on the hilltops.At the same time, the LiDAR survey has established differences between the settlement pattern in the north-eastern sector, in which the interaction between settlements and the agro-system is not so obvious, and the south-western sector, whose settlements are clearly related to wide terraced systems.These results will allow for comparisons between Cerros de Hojas-Jaboncillo and other known Manteño sites, such as Japotó (Bouchard, 2010), Agua Blanca (McEwan & Silva, 1992) and Ligüiqui. All of them point to the continued occupation of the same areas, and the continuity of some sites at least between the Guangala period (500 BC.-600 AD) and the late Manteño period (12th-15th centuries), as seen in Salango and its territory (Béarez, Gay & Lunniss, 2012).Most research in the 20th century has argued for an increase in social complexity during the classic Manteño period (8th-11th centuries), following a diffusionist explanatory pattern (Estrada, 1957). However, the LiDAR analysis of the Cerros de Hojas-Jaboncillo site points to prolonged periods of stable management of the environment, a response to the need to make use of the available resources. Archaeology, through large-scale landscape studies and the in-depth characterisation of sites through wide-ranging sampling methodologies can contribute to answering the question as to whether environmental management led to the formation of a “Manteño state” or whether this society can be better defined as a chiefdom (Touchard-Houlbert, 2010).Highlights:<ul><li>The study focused on the LiDAR research of the Cerro de Hojas-Jaboncillo, the most important pre-Hispanic site in the Manabi province (Ecuador).</li><li>LiDAR technology has allowed users to identify an intense occupation in a forest area, where until now, it was impossible to detect archaeological structures.</li><li>The study has established the close relationship between the pre-Hispanic occupation model and the use of complex irrigation systems.</li></ul>

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Aquaculture in the Ancient World: Ecosystem Engineering, Domesticated Landscapes, and the First Blue Revolution

Rogers

2023

J Archaeol Res

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Aquaculture is the world’s fastest growing food sector and accounts for more than 50% of the world’s fish food supply. The significant growth in global aquaculture since the middle of the 20th century has been dubbed by the Blue Revolution. However, it is not the first Blue Revolution to take place in human history. While historically classified as low-ranking, seasonal, or starvation resources in the archaeological discourse, marine foods were vital resources that ancient communities developed and exploited using a vast array of strategies. Among these aquatic strategies was aquaculture. This first Blue Revolution was initiated during the Early Holocene, some 8,000 years ago in China, with archaeologists now documenting aquaculture across the globe. This review considers the commonalities between ancient aquacultural systems including evidence of ecosystem engineering and the development of domesticated landscapes as production systems. People of the past constructed agroecosystems to not only enhance and diversify aquatic resources, but to control the reliability of key subsistence foods and to meet the demands of ritual practice and conspicuous social stratification. These aquaculture systems were maintained for centuries, if not millennia. Worldwide research conducted on ancient aquaculture can provide critical insights into developing more ecologically sustainable, resilient, and diverse marine production systems for coastal communities today, thus, achieving industry sustainability and limiting negative environmental impacts to the world’s shorelines and overexploited fisheries.

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Pre-Hispanic Fishing Structures Preserved on the Central Coast of Ecuador

Cited by 9 publications

References 23 publications

Waterscapes domestication: an alternative approach for interactions among humans, animals, and aquatic environments in Amazonia across time

Waterscapes domestication: an alternative approach for interactions among humans, animals, and aquatic environments in Amazonia across time

Espacios agrarios, asentamientos prehispánicos y tecnología LiDAR en el área costera central del Ecuador

Aquaculture in the Ancient World: Ecosystem Engineering, Domesticated Landscapes, and the First Blue Revolution

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