Preclinical investigations of the safety, immunogenicity and efficacy of a purified, inactivated tick-borne encephalitis vaccine

Klockmann, U.; Bock, Hans L.; Franke, V.; Hein, B; Reiner, G.; Hilfenhaus, J.

doi:10.1016/s0092-1157(89)80004-6

Cited by 37 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Although the function of this protein is unknown, the immune response to it is capable of protecting against virus-induced disease, at least in experimental animals [8,11,12]; thus its inclusion in new vaccines may be important. A new conventional inactivated vaccine against tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) (using the K 23 isolate) has been recently developed [4] and cross-protection against challenge with a number of pathogenic viruses related to TBE has been shown [5]. In order to investigate the role of the NS 1 protein in protection, we have cloned and sequenced the NS 1 gene from the K 23 isolate of TBE virus and compared it to the NS 1 genes of other well-characterised viruses in the TBE complex.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Sequence of the NS 1 gene of the K 23 isolate of tick-borne encephalitis virus and identification of conserved motifs

Jacobs¹,

Stephenson²,

Wilkinson³

1993

Archives of Virology

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Sequence of the NS 1 gene of the K 23 isolate of tick-borne encephalitis virus and identification of conserved motifs

Jacobs¹,

Stephenson²,

Wilkinson³

1993

Archives of Virology

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“…Tick-borne flaviviruses can cause a wide range of disease, from mild febrile illness (with biphasic fever) to encephalitis or hemorrhagic fever, in humans and animals [165]. Two inactivated vaccines against TBEV, FSME-IMMUN (Baxter Biosciences), and Encepur (Novartis) [166,167], are used in Europe, but are not licensed in the US [168,169]. …”

Section: Flavivirusesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Zoonotic encephalitides caused by arboviruses: transmission and epidemiology of alphaviruses and flaviviruses

Balasuriya

Lee

2014

Clin Exp Vaccine Res

181

151

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In this review, we mainly focus on zoonotic encephalitides caused by arthropod-borne viruses (arboviruses) of the families Flaviviridae (genus Flavivirus) and Togaviridae (genus Alphavirus) that are important in both humans and domestic animals. Specifically, we will focus on alphaviruses (Eastern equine encephalitis virus, Western equine encephalitis virus, Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus) and flaviviruses (Japanese encephalitis virus and West Nile virus). Most of these viruses were originally found in tropical regions such as Africa and South America or in some regions in Asia. However, they have dispersed widely and currently cause diseases around the world. Global warming, increasing urbanization and population size in tropical regions, faster transportation and rapid spread of arthropod vectors contribute in continuous spreading of arboviruses into new geographic areas causing reemerging or resurging diseases. Most of the reemerging arboviruses also have emerged as zoonotic disease agents and created major public health issues and disease epidemics.

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“…The K23 strain, isolated in Southern Germany, was introduced for TBE vaccine development in the late 1980s and has subsequently been used by Chiron Vaccines (now Novartis) in Germany for the manufacture of the second commercial European TBE vaccine for almost 20 years [15].…”

Section: Modified Vaccine Formulationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in vaccination against tick-borne encephalitis

Rendi‐Wagner¹

2008

Expert Review of Vaccines

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Tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) poses a growing health problem in many European countries and parts of Northern Asia. Thus, vaccination has been employed successfully for many years in endemic countries. Long-term experience gained from widespread use, however, prompted the development of improved vaccine formulations of the two licensed European TBE vaccines. Moreover, recent clinical trials also suggested the maintenance of high values of postvaccination neutralizing TBE antibodies for a longer period than expected; thus, also resulting in modifications with regards to immunization regimens. Recent advances in recombinant DNA technology have opened up future opportunities for developing novel live-attenuated vaccines against TBE virus and other flaviviruses. Animal experiments demonstrated safety and high immunogenicity profiles for these mutants; thus, making them promising vaccine candidates that will need to demonstrate a clear advantage if they are going to be alternatives to the traditional vaccines. Systematic TBE case monitoring by raising problem awareness, both inside and outside endemic regions, appears essential to provide evidence for a widely accepted TBE travel-vaccination recommendation in the future.

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Preclinical investigations of the safety, immunogenicity and efficacy of a purified, inactivated tick-borne encephalitis vaccine

Cited by 37 publications

References 21 publications

Sequence of the NS 1 gene of the K 23 isolate of tick-borne encephalitis virus and identification of conserved motifs

Sequence of the NS 1 gene of the K 23 isolate of tick-borne encephalitis virus and identification of conserved motifs

Zoonotic encephalitides caused by arboviruses: transmission and epidemiology of alphaviruses and flaviviruses

Advances in vaccination against tick-borne encephalitis

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