Prediction of porcine carcass iodine value based on diet composition and fatty acid intake1

Kellner, T. A.; Gourley, G.; Wisdom, S.; Patience, John F.

doi:10.2527/jas.2016-0643

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…The addition of 5% dietary fat decreasing FASN abundance compared to CNTR reported herein, supports the generally accepted view that increasing the level of dietary fat suppresses fatty acid synthase function (a multi-faceted enzyme that synthesizes palmitic acid from malonyl CoA in the cytosol of the adipocytes in pigs [Beld et al, 2015]) and reduces the rate of de novo lipogenesis in adipose tissue (Allee et al, 1971;Smith et al, 1996). As a consequence, the fatty acid profile of the carcass reflects that of the diet (Kellner et al, 2014(Kellner et al, , 2016b. These mRNA abundance data further suggest that the suppression of de novo lipogenesis via mRNA abundance of FASN and the transcription factor SREBP-1 (regulates the expression of key enzymes involved in the lipogenesis pathway [Kim and Spiegleman, 1996;Yahagi et al, 1999]) is reduced when the dietary fat source (i.e.…”

Section: Changes In Adipose Tissue Lipid Metabolismsupporting

confidence: 85%

The composition of dietary fat alters the transcriptional profile of pathways associated with lipid metabolism in the liver and adipose tissue in the pig1

Kellner

Gabler

Patience

2017

Journal of Animal Science

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The objective was to investigate the of effect chemical composition of dietary fat on transcription of genes involved in lipid metabolism in adipose tissue and the liver via transcriptional profiling in growing pigs. A total of 48 Genetiporc 6.0 × Genetiporc F25 (PIC, Inc., Hendersonville, TN) barrows (initial BW of 44.1 ± 1.2 kg) were randomly allotted to 1 of 6 dietary treatments. Each experimental diet included 95% of a corn-soybean meal basal diet and 5% cornstarch (control; CNTR), animal-vegetable blend (AV), coconut oil (COCO), corn oil (COIL), fish oil (FO), or tallow (TAL). Pigs were sacrificed on d 10 (final BW of 51.2 ± 1.7 kg) to collect tissues. Expression normalization across samples was performed by calculating a delta cycle threshold (ΔCt) value using . Delta delta cycle threshold (ΔΔCt) values were expressed relative to the CNTR treatment. In adipose tissue, adding dietary fat, regardless of the source, decreased the mRNA abundance of compared with the CNTR ( = 0.014). Pigs fed a COIL-based diet tended to have greater adipose tissue expression of ( = 0.071) than pigs fed the other dietary fat sources tested. Abundance of mRNA was greater in adipose tissue of barrows a fed COIL-based diet than barrows fed CNTR or FO-based diets ( = 0.047). In the liver, adding dietary fat, regardless of source, increased the mRNA abundance of , , , , , and ( ≤ 0.020) and tended to increase the abundance of ( = 0.071) and ( = 0.086) compared with the CNTR. Pigs fed a TAL-based diet had greater hepatic transcription of than pigs fed CNTR-, COCO-, or FO-based diets ( = 0.013). Hepatic transcription of tended to be greater in pigs fed COCO than in pigs fed other dietary fat sources ( = 0.074). Dietary omega-3 fatty acid content tended to negatively correlate with mRNA abundance of ( = 0.065) in adipose tissue and ( = 0.063) in the liver. Dietary fat SFA content was negatively correlated with in the liver ( ≤ 0.039). Dietary fat MUFA content tended to be positively correlated with , , and mRNA abundance in the liver ( ≤ 0.100). To conclude, the intake of omega-3 fatty acids suppressed the mRNA abundance of genes involved in lipolysis in both adipose tissue and the liver. Dietary SFA are greater inhibitors of lipogenesis in adipose tissue than omega-6 fatty acids. Intake of medium-chain fatty acids alters hepatic lipid metabolism differently than intake of long-chain fatty acids.

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Section: Changes In Adipose Tissue Lipid Metabolismsupporting

confidence: 85%

The composition of dietary fat alters the transcriptional profile of pathways associated with lipid metabolism in the liver and adipose tissue in the pig1

Kellner

Gabler

Patience

2017

Journal of Animal Science

Self Cite

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“…Regarding IV, the higher IV value of backfat and belly fat was observed when pigs were fed the DCO diet compared to the pigs fed the TW diet, which reflects the greater PUFA content in the DCO group than the TW group. This result agrees with our previous study ( Wang et al, 2022b ) and demonstrated, again, the collective effect of the change in dietary PUFA content and the close correlation of dietary FAs with pork IV ( Wood et al, 2004 ; Benz et al, 2011 ; NRC, 2012 ; Kellner et al, 2016 ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Effects of multiple vitamin E levels and two fat sources in diets for swine fed to heavy slaughter weight of 150 kg: II. Tissue fatty acid profile, vitamin E concentrations, immune capacity, and antioxidant capacity of plasma and tissue

Wang

Jang

Kelley

et al. 2023

Translational Animal Science

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The study objective was to evaluate the effect of two fat sources and graded levels of vitamin E (VE) supplementation on tissue fatty acid profile, VE concentrations, immune capacity and antioxidant capacity of plasma and tissues of pigs at heavy slaughter weight (150 kg). A total of 48 individually-fed pigs (24 barrows, 24 gilts; 28.44 ±2.69 kg) were randomly assigned to 8 dietary treatments in a 2 × 4 factorial arrangement. The two fat treatments were either 5% tallow (TW) or 5% distiller’s corn-oil (DCO). The VE treatments included four levels of α-tocopheryl-acetate (11, 40, 100, and 200 ppm). Compared to pigs fed the DCO diet, pigs fed the TW diet had greater SFA (C14, C16, and C18; P < 0.05) and MUFAs (C14:1, C16:1, C18:1, and C20:1; P < 0.05), lower PUFA (C18:2n-6, C18:3n-3, C20:2, C20:3, and C20:4; P < 0.05) and iodine value in the backfat and belly fat. Increasing dietary VE supplementation level increased α-, and total tocopherol concentrations in plasma (linear and quadratic, P < 0.05), liver, and loin muscle (linear, P < 0.06), SOD activity (quadratic, P < 0.05), but decreased γ-tocopherol concentrations in liver (linear, P = 0.06), plasma, and loin muscle (quadratic, P < 0.07), and decreased liver GSSG (linear, P = 0.07) and MDA content (quadratic, P < 0.05). There was an interaction between fat sources and dietary VE supplementation level on the concentration of α-tocopherol in the loin muscle (P < 0.05) wherein a greater increase was observed in the TW treatment than the DCO treatment with the increasing dietary VE supplementation level. In conclusion, dietary FA composition in TW and DCO affected the composition of most FA in backfat, belly fat, and liver while increasing VE supplementation level did not significantly alter the FA profile in these tissues. Increasing dietary VE supplementation level increased tocopherol concentrations in plasma, liver and loin muscle, and improved antioxidant capacity while tocopherol concentrations in plasma, liver and loin muscle in the TW treatment increased more than they did in the DCO treatment.

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“…The addition of 5% dietary fat decreasing FASN abundance compared to CNTR reported herein, supports the generally accepted view that increasing the level of dietary fat suppresses fatty acid synthase function (a multi-faceted enzyme that synthesizes palmitic acid from malonyl CoA in the cytosol of the adipocytes in pigs ) and reduces the rate of de novo lipogenesis in adipose tissue Smith et al, 1996). As a consequence, the fatty acid profile of the carcass reflects that of the diet (Kellner et al, , 2016b. These mRNA abundance data further suggest that the suppression of de novo lipogenesis via mRNA abundance of FASN and the transcription factor SREBP-1 (regulates the expression of key enzymes involved in the lipogenesis pathway [Kim and Spiegleman, 1996;Yahagi et al, 1999]) is reduced when the dietary fat source (i.e.…”

Section: Changes In Adipose Tissue Lipid Metabolismsupporting

confidence: 86%

Impact of dietary fat composition on digestion, metabolism and deposition of fat in the growing pig

Kellner

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Appreciation is expressed to the National Pork Board, USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture for financial support for this research. Appreciation is also expressed to Ajinomoto Heartland, DSM, Feed Energy Company, Gourley Research Group, JBS (Marshalltown, IA), and Tyson (Storm Lake, IA) for their in-kind contributions. Next, I would like to thank the past and present members of the applied swine nutrition lab group, other graduate student colleagues, and the animal science department faculty and staff for making my time at Iowa State University a wonderful experience. I look forward to working with each of you throughout our careers. I also want to offer my appreciation to those individuals who assisted throughout these experiments, without you this publication would be impossible.

show abstract

Prediction of porcine carcass iodine value based on diet composition and fatty acid intake1

Cited by 7 publications

References 31 publications

The composition of dietary fat alters the transcriptional profile of pathways associated with lipid metabolism in the liver and adipose tissue in the pig1

The composition of dietary fat alters the transcriptional profile of pathways associated with lipid metabolism in the liver and adipose tissue in the pig1

Effects of multiple vitamin E levels and two fat sources in diets for swine fed to heavy slaughter weight of 150 kg: II. Tissue fatty acid profile, vitamin E concentrations, immune capacity, and antioxidant capacity of plasma and tissue

Impact of dietary fat composition on digestion, metabolism and deposition of fat in the growing pig

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