Preparation and characterization of polyaniline, multiwall carbon nanotubes, and starch bionanocomposite material for potential bioanalytical applications

Abstract

In this article, we are reporting the preparation and characterization of a multi‐component integrated nanocomposite material by the combination of a naturally occuring biocompatible biopolymer (Starch—a type of polysaccharide), functional conjugated synthetic polymer (Polyaniline “PANI”—a type of intrinsic conducting polymer) and nanosize tubular conducting template material (multiwalled carbon nanotubes “MWCNTs”—a type of carbonaceous nanotube structure). Comparative studies of the four material systems viz. system‐1: PANI, system‐2: PANI/MWCNTs, system‐3: PANI/Starch, and system‐4: PANI/MWCNTs/Starch have been carried out to understand the physical and chemical characteristics by using following instrumental techniques; UV‐Visible spectroscopy, fourier infrared spectroscopy, Raman, X‐ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, BET‐surface area, conductivity, thermal gravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, and cyclic voltammetry. Proposed nanocomposite material, PANI/MWCNTs/Starch has nanosized integrated porous morphology (∼200–300 nm) with interconnected architecture, while simultaneously having good conductivity and better electroactivity. Moreover, the presence of hydroxyl functionality empowers it with good dispersion ability which is further supported by good biodegradability and biocompatibility. These properties together attest the proposed system for promising applications in biosensors and screen printed electrode ink formulation. POLYM. COMPOS., 38:496–506, 2017. © 2015 Society of Plastics Engineers

Development and Characterization of Integrated Nano-Sensors for Organic Residues and pH Field Detection

“…The more the pH decreases, the more the electrical conductivity increases. This can be explained by the higher mobility of π-electrons along the PANI backbone at acidic levels, due to a higher doping level [ 59 ]. Figure 7 shows the calibration curve of the PANI/MW/P1, representing the basic and acidic pH response ranges.…”

E-Tongues/Noses Based on Conducting Polymers and Composite Materials: Expanding the Possibilities in Complex Analytical Sensing

“…Not only can materials based on electrodeposited conducting polymer layers be employed as sensor transducers, but bulk material composites based on conducting polymers were reported in the bibliography as alternative electrochemical devices as well. For example, a carbon paste and PANI nanocomposite was employed for analytical sensing, suggesting a synergistic effect between starch, PANI, and carbon nanotubes [ 101 , 102 ]. Additionally, ceramic carbon-conducting polymer materials were also developed by means of sol-gel technology assisted by high-energy ultrasound.…”

Electrochemical Performance of Starch-Polyaniline Nanocomposites Synthesized By Sonochemical Process Intensification

“…The intense bands at 1180 cm -1 and 1610 cm -1 are characteristic of p-disubstituted benzene rings. Few weak bands are observed at 1411 cm -1 ,1337 cm -1 , and 1236 cm -1 due to the formation of semiquinone radical cations, which are, p-disubstituted benzene which were further converted to polarons [19].…”

“…PANI and polypyrrole composites have been extensively explored for the supercapacitor electrode applications [1,16,17]. PANI was extensively used to prepare the composites with graphene [18], carbon nanotubes [19,20], carbon paper [21], gold [22], stainless steel [23], graphite [24,25], activated carbon [26] due to its easy synthesis and deposition. It is important to mention that PANI offers high pseudocapacitive performance.…”