Preparation and properties of phthalonitrile resins promoted by melamine

Zhao, Erjin; Hu, Jianghuai; Wang, Jianbo; Shi, Meng; Wang, Zhiping; Zeng, Ke; Yang, Gang

doi:10.1177/0954008317709892

Cited by 21 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…BHP (16 g, 50.79 mmol) was dissolved in DMF (100 mL) containing anhydrous K 2 CO 3 (14.05 g, 101.66 mmol). 32 The compound was stirred under N 2 atmosphere at 90°C for 1 h. Subsequently, 4-nitrophthalonitrile (17.59 g, 101.60 mmol) was slowly added into the three-necked flask, and the compound reacted for an additional 6 h. Lastly, the resultant brown compound was slowly decanted into 1.5 L of cooled deionized water to obtain the target material, BDSP, after cooling to ambient temperature. The sediment was acquired through filtration, then washed with alcohol for 48 h at 50°C, and finally dried in an oven to collect the pure sample of BDSP.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and properties of a novel high-temperature vinylpyridine-based phthalonitrile polymer

Wang

Zhang

et al. 2018

High Performance Polymers

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A novel vinylpyridine-based phthalonitrile monomer, 2,6-bis[3-(3,4-dicyanophenoxy)styryl]pyridine (BDSP), was resoundingly produced by a nucleophilic substitution reaction of 2,6-bis(3-hydroxystyryl)pyridine with 4-nitrophthalonitrile in the presence of potassium carbonate. The chemical structure of the synthesized BDSP was confirmed by proton (1H) and carbon (12C) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) as well as Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis. The curing behavior of BDSP was investigated by FTIR and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analyses. The resin showed a low complex viscosity in the wide processing window between the monomer melting temperature and the curing temperature of the polymer, as discovered by rheological analysis. In addition, the properties of the polymer were studied by thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). Based on the test results, the BDSP polymer demonstrated superior processing performance, excellent thermal stability, outstanding mechanical properties, and low water uptake, and these advanced performance characteristics are critical to many fields.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and properties of a novel high-temperature vinylpyridine-based phthalonitrile polymer

Wang

Zhang

et al. 2018

High Performance Polymers

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“…In addition, certain researchers have made great efforts to introduce trifunctional structures into PN resins , . A novel alkyl‐center trisphenolic‐based PN thermoset and tris‐PN thermosets with amino‐1,3,5‐triazine structures were synthesized with excellent thermal stability.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Branched phenyl‐s‐triazine moieties to enhance thermal properties of phthalonitrile thermosets

Zong

et al. 2017

Polymer International

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Heat‐resistant materials have made tremendous progress in marine, aerospace and microelectronic fields. Herein, a new class of phthalonitrile resins, branched poly(biphenyl ether triphenyl‐s‐triazine) phthalonitriles, were successfully synthesized via a two‐step, one‐pot reaction, on the basis of 2,4,6‐tris(4‐fluorophenyl)‐1,3,5‐triazine and 4,4′‐biphenol. 4,4′‐Diaminodiphenylsulfone was employed to facilitate the curing reaction, and successful realization of curing behavior was concluded from rheological and differential scanning calorimetric studies, indicating the obtained resins possess favorable processability. The relationship between concentration of reactants and properties of the resins was systematically studied. After thermal curing, the E‐glass fiber‐reinforced composite, prepared with a concentration of reactants of 0.15 g mL−1, shows an admirable glass transition temperature of 480 °C and commendable thermal stability with 5% weight loss temperature in nitrogen of 563 °C, suggesting that the improvement of the thermal properties stems from the branched structure and the phenyl‐s‐triazine units. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry

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“…And we found that a complex curing agent can effectively improve the curing process. As mentioned above, the melamine showed good performance as a curing agent for phthalonitrile resin attributed to its unique structure. However, melamine will sublimate above 300°C, and the curing temperature of the resin is above 350°C at present.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…But it was found that the introduction of Cu to the polymer led to the deterioration of long‐term oxidative stability. Recently, melamine, which has a unique structure, was first employed as a curing agent to promote the curing reaction of phthalonitrile resin, the curing system exhibited wide processing window, and the resins had outstanding thermal stabilities. And it should be noted that the curing reaction was conducted in an inert atmosphere (nitrogen and argon) and required a long curing time (30 h).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced properties of phthalonitrile resins under lower curing temperature via complex curing agent

Weng

et al. 2019

Polymers for Advanced Techs

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High curing temperature has been restricting the application and development of phthalonitrile resin. A complex curing agent containing melamine (ME) and ZnCl 2 was developed to promote the curing reaction of resorcinol-based phthalonitrile resin (DPPH). The thermal stability of ME can be significantly enhanced via adding ZnCl 2 , which was due to the interaction between ZnCl 2 and amino group in ME. Moreover, the activities of pristine ZnCl 2 and ME were improved via mixing, especially, the curing temperature for DPPH can be effectively reduced. Even at a curing temperature of 300°C, the 5% weight loss temperature of the resulting resin cured with complex curing agent still exceeded 500°C, which was much higher than those with pristine curing agents. In addition, the good long-term oxidation stability and relatively low water absorption can also be obtained in the resins cured with novel curing agent.This work affords a facile route for designing high-performance curing agent to improve the curing process of phthalonitrile resin.

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Preparation and properties of phthalonitrile resins promoted by melamine

Cited by 21 publications

References 39 publications

Synthesis and properties of a novel high-temperature vinylpyridine-based phthalonitrile polymer

Synthesis and properties of a novel high-temperature vinylpyridine-based phthalonitrile polymer

Branched phenyl‐s‐triazine moieties to enhance thermal properties of phthalonitrile thermosets

Enhanced properties of phthalonitrile resins under lower curing temperature via complex curing agent

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