Preparation of Binary Conductive Polymer Composites with Very Low Percolation Threshold by Latex Blending

Jian, Hu; Li, Ming Wei; Zhang, Ming Qiu; Xiao, Dengpan; Cheng, Gen Shui; Rong, Min Zhi

doi:10.1002/marc.200300014

Cited by 62 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Up to now, there have been many investigations on reducing the percolation threshold by manipulating the distribution of CB particles, such as multipercolation, [19][20][21][22] segregated distribution, 14,17,23 and electrical field-induced method, 24 etc. Multipercolation is an effective technology through melt mixing method.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation of carbon black/polypropylene nanocomposite with low percolation threshold using mild blending method

Liu

Yang

2009

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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A new approach, mild blending method, to prepare carbon black (CB) filled polypropylene (PP) nanocomposite using CB aqueous suspension was reported in this study. In this compounding process, the CB particles were first dispersed in aqueous suspension by using an ultrasonic irradiation. Subsequently, the CB suspension was blended with melting PP using an extruder with low shear strength screw configuration, followed by removing the vapor from the vent by vacuum. The morphological observation showed that the CB particles were dispersed at a nanometer level in the nanocomposites as they were in aqueous suspension and distributed homogeneously in PP matrix. The CB/PP nanocomposite prepared by this method exhibited a very low percolation threshold, i.e., 2.49 vol %, and a high-critical resistance exponent t (t ¼ 5.82). These phenomena, which deviated from the classical percolation theory, were likely to come down to the homogeneous distribution of CB particles and the tunneling conduction.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation of carbon black/polypropylene nanocomposite with low percolation threshold using mild blending method

Liu

Yang

2009

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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“…Recently, a new approach to incorporate nanoscale fillers into a polymer matrix was developed using latex technology [4,15,16]. The latex particles (diameters ~10 to 1000 nm) are suspended in water with nanofillers, and upon drying, the fillers occupy the interfacial and interstitial regions between the latexes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cellular structures of carbon nanotubes in a polymer matrix improve properties relative to composites with dispersed nanotubes

Walker

Torkelson

et al. 2008

Polymer

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A new processing method has been developed to combine a polymer and single wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) to form electrically conductive composites with desirable rheological and mechanical properties. The process involves coating polystyrene (PS) pellets with SWCNTs and then hot pressing to make a contiguous, cellular SWCNT structure. By this method, the electrical percolation threshold decreases and the electrical conductivity increases significantly as compared to composites with a well-dispersed SWCNTs. For example, a SWCNT / PS composite with 0.5 wt% nanotubes and made by this coated particle process (CPP) has an electrical conductivity of ~ 3 x 10 -4 S/cm, while a well-dispersed composite made by a coagulation method with the same SWCNT amount has an electrical conductivity of only ~ 10 -8 S/cm. The rheological properties of the composite with a macroscopic cellular SWCNT structure are comparable to PS, while the well-dispersed composite exhibits a solid-like behavior, indicating that composites made by this new CPP method are more processable. In addition, the mechanical properties of the CPP-made composite decrease only slightly, as compared with PS. Relative to the common appoach of seeking better dispersion, this new fabrication method provides an important alternative means to higher electrical conductivity in SWCNT / polymer composites. Our straightforward particle coating and pressing method avoids organic solvents and is suitable for large-scale, inexpensive processing using a wide variety of polymer and nanoparticles. Abstract:A new processing method has been developed to combine a polymer and single wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) to form electrically conductive composites with desirable rheological and mechanical properties. The process involves coating polystyrene (PS) pellets with SWCNTs and then hot pressing to make a contiguous, cellular SWCNT structure. By this method, the electrical percolation threshold decreases and the electrical conductivity increases significantly as compared to composites with a well-dispersed SWCNTs. For example, a SWCNT / PS composite with 0.5 wt% nanotubes and made by this coated particle process (CPP) has an electrical conductivity of ~ 3 x 10 -4 S/cm, while a well-dispersed composite made by a coagulation method with the same SWCNT amount has an electrical conductivity of only ~ 10 -8 S/cm. The rheological properties of the composite with a macroscopic cellular SWCNT structure are comparable to PS, while the well-dispersed composite exhibits a solid-like behavior, indicating that composites made by this new CPP method are more processable. In addition, the mechanical properties of the CPP-made composite decrease only slightly, as compared with PS. Relative to the common appoach of seeking better dispersion, this new fabrication method provides an important alternative means to higher electrical conductivity in SWCNT / polymer composites. Our straightforward particle coating and pressing method avoids organic solvents and is suitable for large-scale, ine...

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“…The sample geometries were 1 Â 10 Â 10 and 1 Â 80 Â 80 mm 3 for the four-point probe and high-resistance meter, respectively. The 1 Â 10 Â 80 mm 3 samples were used in resistivity-temperature behavior testing, for which a WCY-SJ temperature programming control system (Nanjing Sangli Electronic Equipment Works, Nanjing, China) was used; the heating medium was silicone oil, the samples were immersed in it to avoid oxidation, and the testing temperature ranged from room temperature to 180 C at a heating rate of 2 C/ min.…”

Section: Measurements and Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, Yoon et al 1 reported that the electrical conductivity of carbon black (CB)/polymer composites is tremendously influenced by the amine-terminated coupling treatment of CB because of its action as an assister of electrical conduction. Grunlan et al 2 and Hu et al 3 found that mixing CB and polymer suspensions or emulsions under highspeed stirring could lead to a low percolation threshold because of conductive pathway formation during the drying of the latex. Tjong et al 4 and Hu et al 5 reduced the percolation threshold of polypropylene (PP)/multiwalled nanotube and poly(ethylene terephthalate)/multiwalled nanotube nanocomposites by high-shear-rate processing and coagulation, respectively.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Nylon 6 induced morphological developments and electrical conductivity improvements of polypropylene/carbon black composites

Chen¹,

Yang²,

Guo³

2009

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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In this study, a polar conductive filler [carbon black (CB)], a nonpolar polymer [polypropylene (PP)], and a polar polymer [nylon 6 (PA6)] were chosen to fabricate electrically conductive polymer composites by melt blending and compression molding. The morphological developments of these composites were studied. Scanning electron microscopy results showed that in a CB-filled PP/ PA6 (CPA) composite, CB particles were selectively dispersed in PA6 phases and could make the dispersed particles exist as microfiber particles, which could greatly improve the electrical conductivity. The PA6 and CB contents both could affect the morphologies of these composites. The results of electrical resistivity measurements of these composites proved the formation of conductive networks. The resistivity-temperature behaviors of these composites were also studied. For CB-filled PP (CP) composites, there were apparent positive temperature coefficient (PTC) and negative temperature coefficient (NTC) effects and an unrepeatable resistivity-temperature characteristic. However, for CPA composites, there were no PTC or NTC effects from room temperature to 180 C, and the resistivity-temperature behavior showed a repeatable characteristic; this proved that CB particles were selectively dispersed in the PA6 phase from another point of view. All experimental results indicated that the addition of PA6 to a CP composite could lead to an expected morphological structure and improve the electrical conductivity of the CP composite.

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Preparation of Binary Conductive Polymer Composites with Very Low Percolation Threshold by Latex Blending

Cited by 62 publications

References 19 publications

Preparation of carbon black/polypropylene nanocomposite with low percolation threshold using mild blending method

Preparation of carbon black/polypropylene nanocomposite with low percolation threshold using mild blending method

Cellular structures of carbon nanotubes in a polymer matrix improve properties relative to composites with dispersed nanotubes

Nylon 6 induced morphological developments and electrical conductivity improvements of polypropylene/carbon black composites

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