Preparation of mucosal nanoparticles and polymer-based inactivated vaccine for Newcastle disease and H9N2 AI viruses

Abstract

Aim:To develop a mucosal inactivated vaccines for Newcastle disease (ND) and H9N2 viruses to protect against these viruses at sites of infections through mucosal immunity.Materials and Methods:In this study, we prepared two new formulations for mucosal bivalent inactivated vaccine formulations for Newcastle and Avian Influenza (H9N2) based on the use of nanoparticles and polymer adjuvants. The prepared vaccines were delivered via intranasal and spray routes of administration in specific pathogen-free chickens. Cell-mediated and humoral immune response was measured as well as challenge trial was carried out. In addition, ISA71 water in oil was also evaluated.Results:Our results showed that the use of spray route as vaccination delivery method of polymer and nanoparticles Montanide™ adjuvants revealed that it enhanced the cell mediated immune response as indicated by phagocytic activity, gamma interferon and interleukin 6 responses and induced protection against challenge with Newcastle and Avian Influenza (H9N2) viruses.Conclusion:The results of this study demonstrate the potentiality of polymer compared to nanoparticles adjuvantes when used via spray route. Mass application of such vaccines will add value to improve the vaccination strategies against ND virus and Avian influenza viruses.

Evaluating humoral immune response of sheep vaccinated with inactivated RVF virus vaccine using oil nanoparticles adjuvant in comparison with aluminum hydroxide gel

“…Numerous studies examined the immunoenhancing effects of Montanide oil IMS 1313 VG nanoparticle adjuvant vaccine formulations, and demonstrated encouraging efficacy against many pressing infectious threats (Sonia 2003;Jang et al, 2011 andNaggar et al, 2017).…”

Nanoformulations: A Valuable Tool in the Therapy of Viral Diseases Attacking Humans and Animals

“…El Naggar et al (2017) designed preparation of mucosal NPs and polymer-based inactivated vaccine for Newcastle disease and H9N2 AI viruses, which after being delivered via intranasal and spray routes of administration in chickens enhanced the cell-mediated immune response and induced protection against challenge with both abovementioned viruses.…”

Immunological Effects of a Single Dose of PLGA Nanoparticles Encapsulated Peptide in Broilers in Comparison to Traditional Vaccines against Infectious Bursal Disease

“…Many researches have indicated that polymeric nanoparticles (NPs) can be used as potent adjuvants as Also these polymers have the ability to activate cellular immune response in the host by interact and activate various toll like receptors, thus involving several innate immune system players in immune response,this increase as a result of enhancing in IL6 and IFN  (El Naggar et al, 2017). The delivery of antigens to B cells via NPs has a co-stimulatory effect on Th cells, which helps to trigger specific antibody responses.…”

“…Interferons (IFNs) are important members of host innate arm of immunity to prevent virus infection by their antiviral effect (El-Naggar et al, 2017). IFN- produced by CD4+ T helper cell type 1 (Th1) lymphocytes, CD8+ cytotoxic lymphocytes and NK cells (Schroder et al, 2004).…”