Prevalence of Hepatitis B Virus Infection in Shenzhen, China, 2015–2018

Abstract

China has nearly 10% of the general HBV carrier population in the world; this infection is the most common cause of chronic liver disease. Understanding HBV epidemiology is essential for future infection control, evaluation, and treatment. This study determined the prevalence of HBV infection in Shenzhen by serological testing and analysis in 282,166 HBV screening cases for the following: HBcAb, indicative of previous HBV infection; HBsAg, indicative of chronic (current) infection; HBsAb, indicative of immunity from vaccination; and 34,368 HBV etiological screening cases for HBV-DNA, indicative of virus carriage, in which 1,204 cases were genotyped and mutation analyzed for drug-resistance evaluation. Shenzhen was a highly endemic area of HBV throughout the study period (prevalence 9.69%). HBV infections were almost entirely in the 20 and older age groups with a male-to-female ratio of 1.16:1 which is approximately the same as the male-to-female ratio of the general population in China. However, only 71.25% of the general population retained HBV immune protection. Genotype B and C were identified as the most common agents; recombinant B/C and B/D also existed; some cases, however, could not be genotyped. NAs resistant mutation occurrence patterns were multitudinous; single mutation patterns of rtM204I/V and rtL180M occurrences accounted for majority, followed by the combinational mutation pattern L180M + M204I/V. Drug-resistance was prevalent, mainly occurring in the cross resistance patterns LAM + LdT and LAM + LdT + ETV, and significantly more critical in males. These results demonstrate that all people free from HBV infection should obtain injections of the vaccine or booster shots, and conventional virologic detection in a clinical laboratory center should incorporate genotype and mutation alongside the serological factors for etiology and develop better classification methods, such as sequencing.

Association between hepatitis B and E virus infection and hepatocellular carcinoma risk

“…In our study, we found that the prevalence of HBV infection in the control group was 10.92% and the prevalence of HEV infection in the control group was 41.81%. These results from our study are comparable to other reports conducted in same area 9,37 . Tao et al found that the HBsAg positive prevalence in Shenzhen, China, from year 2015 to 2018 was 9.69%, 37 and Liang et al reported that the anti‐HEV IgG prevalence of the general population in Guangdong Province, China, from 2011 to 2013 was 38.34% 9 .…”

“…These results from our study are comparable to other reports conducted in same area. 9,37 Tao et al found that the HBsAg positive prevalence in Shenzhen, China, from year 2015 to 2018 was 9.69%, 37 and Liang et al reported that the anti-HEV IgG prevalence of the general population in Guangdong Province, China, from 2011 to 2013 was 38.34%. 9 These indicated that to some extent the controls in our study were representative.…”

The Prevalence of Hepatitis B Virus Markers among Students of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences

“…[ 5 14 ] Moreover, although HBV vaccination is included in the national program vaccination of many countries including Iran, some individuals do not respond to the HBV vaccine, and the titer of anti-HBsAb decreases by time. [ 10 15 16 17 ] Therefore, investigation of the state of immunity against HBV is necessary for those who are at risk of exposure to HBV, including medical students.…”

“…[ 17 ] Moreover, in a study in China, 38.02% of the participants aged 19 years had a protective level of anti-HBsAb. [ 16 ] Moreover, Melo et al . in a study in Brazil reported that 56.1% of teenagers with a mean age of 15 had an anti-HBsAb level higher than 10 IU/mL.…”

Automatic Classification Algorithm for Diffused Liver Diseases Based on Ultrasound Images

“…However, if liver cirrhosis is diagnosed early, the causes can be treated, avoiding further damage, and its progression can be reduced, or in rare cases, reversed. The most common causes of cirrhosis are HCV, Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and HCV are the most common causes of liver diseases in the developing world [6,7]. Patients with pre-existing liver cirrhosis conditions may be more susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus (COVID-19) infection because of their systemic immunocompromised condition [8].…”