Probiotics for Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer’s Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Zhu, Guangsu; Zhao, Jianxin; Zhang, Hao; Chen, Wei; Wang, Gang

doi:10.3390/foods10071672

Cited by 47 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Another strategy includes the use of prebiotics (often fiber supplements) aimed to promote the growth of certain microbes, or probiotics, supplements of beneficial strains ( 59 ). A meta-analysis showed positive effects on cognition of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus probiotics in patients with MCI ( 60 ). However, beneficial butyrate-producing species are often strictly anaerobic or oxygen sensitive, complicating culturing and probiotic production ( 61 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gut Microbiota Composition Is Related to AD Pathology

et al. 2022

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IntroductionSeveral studies have reported alterations in gut microbiota composition of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) patients. However, the observed differences are not consistent across studies. We aimed to investigate associations between gut microbiota composition and AD biomarkers using machine learning models in patients with AD dementia, mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and subjective cognitive decline (SCD).Materials and MethodsWe included 170 patients from the Amsterdam Dementia Cohort, comprising 33 with AD dementia (66 ± 8 years, 46%F, mini-mental state examination (MMSE) 21[19-24]), 21 with MCI (64 ± 8 years, 43%F, MMSE 27[25-29]) and 116 with SCD (62 ± 8 years, 44%F, MMSE 29[28-30]). Fecal samples were collected and gut microbiome composition was determined using 16S rRNA sequencing. Biomarkers of AD included cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) amyloid-beta 1-42 (amyloid) and phosphorylated tau (p-tau), and MRI visual scores (medial temporal atrophy, global cortical atrophy, white matter hyperintensities). Associations between gut microbiota composition and dichotomized AD biomarkers were assessed with machine learning classification models. The two models with the highest area under the curve (AUC) were selected for logistic regression, to assess associations between the 20 best predicting microbes and the outcome measures from these machine learning models while adjusting for age, sex, BMI, diabetes, medication use, and MMSE.ResultsThe machine learning prediction for amyloid and p-tau from microbiota composition performed best with AUCs of 0.64 and 0.63. Highest ranked microbes included several short chain fatty acid (SCFA)-producing species. Higher abundance of [Clostridium] leptum and lower abundance of [Eubacterium] ventriosum group spp., Lachnospiraceae spp., Marvinbryantia spp., Monoglobus spp., [Ruminococcus] torques group spp., Roseburia hominis, and Christensenellaceae R-7 spp., was associated with higher odds of amyloid positivity. We found associations between lower abundance of Lachnospiraceae spp., Lachnoclostridium spp., Roseburia hominis and Bilophila wadsworthia and higher odds of positive p-tau status.ConclusionsGut microbiota composition was associated with amyloid and p-tau status. We extend on recent studies that observed associations between SCFA levels and AD CSF biomarkers by showing that lower abundances of SCFA-producing microbes were associated with higher odds of positive amyloid and p-tau status.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gut Microbiota Composition Is Related to AD Pathology

et al. 2022

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“…On the other hand, a randomized, double-blind, and controlled trial with 46 AD patients administered a probiotic mixture for 12 weeks did not find any significant difference in any of the outcomes measured that included cognitive, inflammatory, and oxidative biomarkers [ 217 ]. Still, a recent systematic review and meta-analysis revealed an effect of probiotics on cognitive function in people with mild cognitive impairment and to a lesser extent in AD patients, associated with the number of microorganisms added to the probiotic mixture, the dosage and duration of the intervention, and the severity of the disease [ 218 ].…”

Section: Microbiota-based Interventionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Convergent pathways of the gut microbiota–brain axis and neurodegenerative disorders

Gubert

Gasparotto

Morais

2022

Gastroenterology Report

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Recent research has been uncovering the role of the gut microbiota for brain health and disease. These studies highlight the role of gut microbiota on regulating brain function and behavior through immune, metabolic, and neuronal pathways. In this review we provide an overview of the gut microbiota axis pathways to lay the groundwork for upcoming sessions on the links between the gut microbiota and neurogenerative disorders. We also discuss how the gut microbiota may act as an intermediate factor between the host and the environment to mediate disease onset and neuropathology. Based on the current literature, we further examine the potential for different microbiota-based therapeutic strategies to prevent, to modify, or to halt the progress of neurodegeneration.

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“…The results of the recent meta-analysis supplied confirmation that sufficient probiotic supplementation over a longer period of time might enhance cognitive function [ 132 ]. Within this context, a prolonged 12-week administration of 200 mL/day of milk infused with probiotics ( L. acidophilus , L. casei , B. bifidum , and L. fermentum ) in a concentration of 2 × 10 9 CFU to the patients with AD, significantly ( p < 0.001) improved mini-mental state examination (MMSE) score, a test for measuring cognitive criteria in human subjects [ 128 ].…”

Section: Probiotics Involved In Obviation Of Alzheimer’s Disease Progression and Amelioration Of Cognitive Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Insights into the Role of Probiotics in Respiratory Infections, Allergies, Cancer, and Neurological Abnormalities

et al. 2021

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In recent years, probiotics have attracted public attention and transformed the social perception of microorganisms, convening a beneficial role/state on human health. With aging, the immune system, body physiology, and intestinal microbiota tend to change unfavorably, resulting in many chronic conditions. The immune-mediated disorders can be linked to intestinal dysbiosis, consequently leading to immune dysfunctions and a cluster of conditions such as asthma, autoimmune diseases, eczema, and various allergies. Probiotic bacteria such as Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium species are considered probiotic species that have a great immunomodulatory and anti-allergic effect. Moreover, recent scientific and clinical data illustrate that probiotics can regulate the immune system, exert anti-viral and anti-tumoral activity, and shields the host against oxidative stress. Additionally, microbiota programming by probiotic bacteria can reduce and prevent the symptoms of respiratory infections and ameliorate the neurological status in humans. This review describes the most recent clinical findings, including safe probiotic therapies aiming to medicate respiratory infections, allergies, cancer, and neurological disorders due to their physiological interconnection. Subsequently, we will describe the major biological mechanism by which probiotic bacteriotherapy expresses its anti-viral, anti-allergic, anticancer, and neuro-stimulatory effects.

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Probiotics for Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer’s Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Cited by 47 publications

References 40 publications

Gut Microbiota Composition Is Related to AD Pathology

Gut Microbiota Composition Is Related to AD Pathology

Convergent pathways of the gut microbiota–brain axis and neurodegenerative disorders

Novel Insights into the Role of Probiotics in Respiratory Infections, Allergies, Cancer, and Neurological Abnormalities

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