Production of Major Extracellular Enzymes during Lignocellulose Degradation by Two Streptomycetes in Agitated Submerged Culture

Adhi, Tri Partono; Korus, Roger A.; Crawford, Don L.

doi:10.1128/aem.55.5.1165-1168.1989

Cited by 80 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…As a consequence, fungal structure and physiology permits the decomposition of vascular plant material that bacteria cannot gain access to (Suberkropp andKlug 1976, Gessner andChauvet 1994). Only actinomycetes can grow efficiently on recalcitrant polymers such as lignocellulose, although they are less invasive than fungi (Adhi et al 1989). Previous evidence from microcosm experiments suggests apparent antagonistic interactions between fungi and bacteria in the decomposition of organic matter (Wohl andMcArthur 2001, de Boer et al 2003).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interactions of Bacteria and Fungi on Decomposing Litter: Differential Extracellular Enzyme Activities

Romaní

Fischer

Mille‐Lindblom

et al. 2006

Ecology

401

260

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Fungi and bacteria are key agents in plant litter decomposition in freshwater ecosystems. However, the specific roles of these two groups and their interactions during the decomposition process are unclear. We compared the growth and patterns of degradative enzymes expressed by communities of bacteria and fungi grown separately and in coexistence on Phragmites leaves. The two groups displayed both synergistic and antagonistic interactions. Bacteria grew better together with fungi than alone. In addition, there was a negative effect of bacteria on fungi, which appeared to be caused by suppression of fungal growth and biomass accrual rather than specifically affecting enzyme activity. Fungi growing alone had a high capacity for the decomposition of plant polymers such as lignin, cellulose, and hemicellulose. In contrast, enzyme activities were in general low when bacteria grew alone, and the activity of key enzymes in the degradation of lignin and cellulose (phenol oxidase and cellobiohydrolase) was undetectable in the bacteria-only treatment. Still, biomass-specific activities of most enzymes were higher in bacteria than in fungi. The low total activity and growth of bacteria in the absence of fungi in spite of apparent high enzymatic efficiency during the degradation of many substrates suggest that fungi provide the bacteria with resources that the bacteria were not able to acquire on their own, most probably intermediate decomposition products released by fungi that could be used by bacteria.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interactions of Bacteria and Fungi on Decomposing Litter: Differential Extracellular Enzyme Activities

Romaní

Fischer

Mille‐Lindblom

et al. 2006

Ecology

401

260

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The cultural conditions used are considered to be conducive to lignin degradation and the induction of bacterial lignin peroxidases (1,2,7,15,16). Many of the P. chrysosporium culture broths (3% malt extract) became colorless during incubation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biodegradation of Degradable Plastic Polyethylene by Phanerochaete and Streptomyces Species

Lee

Pometto

Fratzke

et al. 1991

Appl Environ Microbiol

290

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The ability of lignin-degrading microorganisms to attack degradable plastics was investigated in pure shake flask culture studies. The degradable plastic used in this study was produced commercially by using the Archer-Daniels-Midland POLYCLEAN masterbatch and contained pro-oxidant and 6% starch. The known lignin-degrading bacteria Streptomyces viridosporus T7A, S. badius 252, and S. setonii 75Vi2 and fungus Phanerochaete chrysosporium were used. Pro-oxidant activity was accelerated by placing a sheet of plastic into a drying oven at 70°C under atmospheric pressure and air for 0, 4, 8, 12, 16, or 20 days. The effect of 2-, 4-, and 8-week longwave UV irradiation at 365 nm on plastic biodegradability was also investigated. For shake flask cultures, plastics were chemically disinfected and incubated-shaken at 125 rpm at 37°C in 0.6% yeast extract medium (pH 7.1) for Streptomyces spp. and at 30°C for the fungus in 3% malt extract medium (pH 4.5) for 4 weeks along with an uninoculated control for each treatment. Weight loss data were inconclusive because of cell mass accumulation. For almost every 70°C heat-treated film, the Streptomyces spp. demonstrated a further reduction in percent elongation and polyethylene molecular weight average when compared with the corresponding uninoculated control. Significant (P < 0.05) reductions were demonstrated for the 4and 8-day heat-treated films by all three bacteria. Heat-treated films incubated with P. chrysosporium consistently demonstrated higher percent elongation and molecular weight average than the corresponding uninoculated controls, but were lower than the corresponding zero controls (heat-treated films without 4-week incubation). The 2and 4-week UV-treated films showed the greatest biodegradation by all three bacteria. Virtually no degradation by the fungus was observed. To our knowledge, this is the first report demonstrating bacterial degradation of these oxidized polyethylenes in pure culture.

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“…Our group has also reported the isolation of S. sannanensis strain SU118 and production of antimicrobial agent [16]. They are also exploited for various enzymes of commercial importance [17] [18] [19] [20]. They produce several enzymes including chitinase, pectinase, amylase etc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Actinomycetes from Soil of Lachung, a Pristine High Altitude Region of Sikkim Himalaya, Their Antimicrobial Potentiality and Production of Industrially Important Enzymes

Singh¹,

Sharma²

2019

AiM

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Investigations on actinomycetes are profoundly significant area of research since they form major resource for bioactive compounds, antimicrobials, anticancer agents, immunosuppressants, and biological control agents. A total of 59 actinomycetes were isolated from the soil sample collected from Domang, Lachung, North Sikkim, Sikkim, India. Out of the total isolates, 26 isolates with unique and distinct characteristic features were selected and analysed for antimicrobial activity as well as extracellular enzyme production. Out of 26 isolates, 17 (66%) isolates exhibited different level of growth inhibition against the test microorganism. 12 (47%) isolates showed antifungal activity and six (23%) isolates showed antibacterial activity. Most of the isolates showed antifungal activity. Isolate RCS260 was found to exhibit maximum growth inhibition (60%) against Colletotrichum gloeosporioides MTCC 8021. Isolate RCS252 showed maximum growth inhibition (67%) against Bacillus subtilis MTCC 441. Out of 26 isolates, 14 (54%) isolates exhibited chitinase activity, 25 (96%) isolates showed cellulase production, 20 (77%) isolates produced amylase enzyme and 17 (65%) isolates showed positive for protease activity. Potential isolate RCS260 has been characterized and identified as Streptomyces vinaceus strain RCS260 while isolate RCS252 was identified as Kitasatospora aburavienis strain RCS252. The antagonistic profile of strain RCS260 highlights its potential as antifungal agent against phytopathogens.

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Production of Major Extracellular Enzymes during Lignocellulose Degradation by Two Streptomycetes in Agitated Submerged Culture

Cited by 80 publications

References 9 publications

Interactions of Bacteria and Fungi on Decomposing Litter: Differential Extracellular Enzyme Activities

Interactions of Bacteria and Fungi on Decomposing Litter: Differential Extracellular Enzyme Activities

Biodegradation of Degradable Plastic Polyethylene by Phanerochaete and Streptomyces Species

Actinomycetes from Soil of Lachung, a Pristine High Altitude Region of Sikkim Himalaya, Their Antimicrobial Potentiality and Production of Industrially Important Enzymes

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