Profil Konsumsi Zat Gizi Pada Wanita Usia Subur Anemia

Abstract

Latar Belakang. Anemia merupakan salah satu permasalahan gizi yang banyak terjadi di negara berkembang. Faktor gizi yang turut berkontribusi terhadap kejadian anemia diantaranya adalah kurangnya asupan zat gizi yang memengaruhi pembentukan Hemoglobin (Hb) pada penderita anemia. Tujuan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran konsumsi energi, protein, zat besi, asam folat, vitamin C, vitamin A, dan seng pada subjek penderita anemia dibandingkan dengan angka kecukupan gizi (AKG) yang diduga menjadi faktor penyebab anemia. Metode. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian cross-sectional dan merupakan bagian dari penelitian “Observasi Klinik Formula Jamu Anemia” yang dilakukan pada bulan Maret-Desember 2018. Jumlah subjek sebanyak 83 orang dengan rentang usia 16-49 tahun. Data konsumsi makanan dikumpulkan dengan wawancara menggunakan food recall 24 jam dan selanjutnya dianalisis dengan program Nutrisurvey. Hasil. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar subjek memiliki status gizi normal. Tingkat konsumsi zat besi, asam folat, dan seng subjek kurang dari AKG, konsumsi energi dalam kategori cukup, dan konsumsi protein, vitamin A serta vitamin C lebih dari AKG. Hasil uji bivariat chi-square menunjukkan tidak ada korelasi yang bermakna antara status anemia dengan konsumsi zat gizi (p>0,05). Kesimpulan. Wanita usia subur (WUS) yang menderita anemia rata-rata memiliki tingkat konsumsi zat besi, asam folat, dan seng kurang dari AKG

Anemia and its Associated Factors Among Women of Reproductive Age in Horticulture Area

“…The results showed that the prevalence of anemia among women working in horticultural agriculture was 27.5% (Table 1). This result is greater than some previous research reports, amounting to 22.7% (Ministry of Health, 2013;Sudikno & Sandjaja, 2016;Wijayanti & Fitriani, 2019). This condition has the potential to increase morbidity and mortality, impaired neurological development, decreased productivity due to fatigue, illness, and cognitive impairment (Chaparro & Suchdev, 2019;Kemenkes RI, 2018b;Teshale et al, 2020).…”

“…Anemia in the women of reproductive age (WRA) group will also increase the risk of experiencing anemia during pregnancy, so that it has the potential to cause complications of pregnancy and childbirth (Chrispinus Siteti, 2014;Wijayanti & Fitriani, 2019). Pregnancy complications include premature birth, infant mortality in the womb, impaired fetal growth leading to low birth weight and stunted babies (Chaparro & Suchdev, 2019;Destarina, 2018;Eskenazi et al, 2004;Jaacks et al, 2019;Petit et al, 2012Petit et al, , 2010Sudikno & Sandjaja, 2016;Whyatt et al, 2004;Yushananta et al, 2021).…”

“…Pregnancy complications include premature birth, infant mortality in the womb, impaired fetal growth leading to low birth weight and stunted babies (Chaparro & Suchdev, 2019;Destarina, 2018;Eskenazi et al, 2004;Jaacks et al, 2019;Petit et al, 2012Petit et al, , 2010Sudikno & Sandjaja, 2016;Whyatt et al, 2004;Yushananta et al, 2021). While labor complications are bleeding that can cause maternal death (ChrispinusSiteti, 2014;Sudikno & Sandjaja, 2016;Widyarni & Qoriati, 2019;Wijayanti & Fitriani, 2019).…”

“…The women of reproductive age (WRA) group are one of the groups at high risk of developing anemia, apart from toddlers and pregnant women (Chaparro &Suchdev, 2019;Chrispinus Siteti, 2014;Shah & Gupta, 2002). Physiologically, women of reproductive age (WRA) are prone to anemia because they experience menstrual cycles every month so that there is an increased need for iron (Chaparro & Suchdev, 2019;Mantika & Mulyati, 2014;Pasalina et al, 2019;Priyanto, 2018;Sudikno & Sandjaja, 2016;WHO, 2004;Wijayanti & Fitriani, 2019). In one menstrual period, the amount of blood lost is around 20-25 cc, or the equivalent of losing iron around 12.5-15.0 mg / month or about 0.4-0.5 mg a day (Sya`Bani & Sumarmi, 2016).…”

“…Anemia in pregnant women increased from 37.1% (2013) to 48.9% (2018) (Kemenkes RI, 2018a). In addition, the WRA group also saw an increase from 19.7% (2007) to 22.7% (2013) (Kemenkes RI, 2013;Sudikno & Sandjaja, 2016;Wijayanti & Fitriani, 2019) More than half of anemia cases in the world are caused by a lack of iron which plays a role in erythropoiesis and the formation of hemoglobin. Other nutritional factors that play a role are insufficient intake of protein, folate, vitamin-A, vitamin-B, vitamin-C, and zinc (Gardner &Kassebaum, 2020;Pasalina, Jurnalis, &Ariadi, 2019;Sahana &Sumarmi, 2015;Sudikno&Sandjaja, 2016;Teshale et al, 2020;Widyarni&Qoriati, 2019;Wijayanti&Fitriani, 2019).…”