Progressive post-yield behavior of human cortical bone in compression for middle-aged and elderly groups

Leng, Huijie; Dong, Xuesong; Wang, Xiaodu

doi:10.1016/j.jbiomech.2008.11.016

Cited by 59 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…At 3% of applied strain, the shear modulus degrades to about 56% of the initial shear modulus in this study, but the elastic modulus under tension [4] and compression modes [6] falls further to about 15% of the initial values. In addition, the damage sensitivity constant (m) of bone is much smaller (m = 19.6) in shear than in tension and compression (m = 64.3) for agematched human cortical bone specimens [6,7]. The above results imply that it is more difficult for microdamage to accumulate in bone specimens under shear load than under tension and compression load.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 45%

“…However, the slope of the linear relationship (0.53) is in between the values obtained in tension (0.45) and compression (0.61) tests [6,7]. Considering the cross-hatch damages in human cortical bone associated with the compression mode [21], it is presumable that shear failure is the major mode in compression tests.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…The shear modulus of bone sustains about 82% of initial modulus at 1% of applied strain, whereas the elastic modulus of bone in tension [4] and compression tests [6] drops almost in half (50%) of the initial elastic modulus at the same strain level. At 3% of applied strain, the shear modulus degrades to about 56% of the initial shear modulus in this study, but the elastic modulus under tension [4] and compression modes [6] falls further to about 15% of the initial values. In addition, the damage sensitivity constant (m) of bone is much smaller (m = 19.6) in shear than in tension and compression (m = 64.3) for agematched human cortical bone specimens [6,7].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…The applied strain (γ i ) at each cycle was defined as the strain at the beginning of stress relaxation. For ease of comparison, an exponential decay of shear modulus (G i ) was assumed with respect to applied shear strain (γ i ) during the progressive loading as seen in tension and compression tests [3,[5][6][7]. The following equation was used for curve fitting to express the relationship: (2) where, m could be used to estimate the sensitivity of bone to damage accumulation.…”

Section: Mechanical Testing Calculationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In previous studies, we have utilized a novel progressive loading protocol to study progressive changes in the post-yield behavior of human cortical bone in tension [3][4][5] and in compression [6,7]. It was observed that the post-yield behavior of human cortical bone exhibited similar trends in both tension and compression tests, showing an exponential decay of elastic modulus, quasi-linear increase in plastic deformation, and bimodal viscous responses with increasing applied strain.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Progressive Post-Yield Behavior of Human Cortical Bone in Shear

Dong

Luo

Giri

et al. 2011

ASME 2011 Summer Bioengineering Conference, Parts a and B

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Bone fragility depends on its post-yield behavior since most of energy dissipation in bone occurs during the post-yield deformation. Previous studies have investigated the progressive changes in the post-yield behavior of human cortical bone in tension and compression using a novel progressive loading scheme. However, little is known regarding the progressive changes in the post-yield behavior of bone in shear. The objective of this short study was to address this issue by testing bone specimens in an inclined double notch shear configuration using the progressive loading protocol. The results of this study indicated that the shear modulus of bone decreased with respect to the applied strain, and the rate of degradation was about 50% less than those previously observed in compression and tension tests. In addition, a quasi-linear relationship between the plastic and applied strains was observed in shear mode, which is similar to those previously reported in tension and compression tests. However, the viscous responses of bone (i.e. relaxation time constants and stress magnitude) demonstrated slight differences in shear compared with those observed in tension and compression tests. Nonetheless, the results of this study suggest that the intrinsic mechanism of plastic deformation of human cortical bone may be independent of loading modes.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 45%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Mechanical Testing Calculationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Progressive Post-Yield Behavior of Human Cortical Bone in Shear

Dong

Luo

Giri

et al. 2011

ASME 2011 Summer Bioengineering Conference, Parts a and B

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Morphological and biomechanical analyses of the subchondral mineralized zone in human sacral facet joints: Application to improved diagnosis of osteoarthritis

et al. 2015

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The anatomy of the facet joint subchondral mineralized zone (SMZ) is the main parameter used in diagnosing osteoarthritis. Usually, a single CT scan slice is used to measure the thickness, but the measurement is highly location-dependent. Bone mineral density (BMD) and porosity could be more reliable than thickness for detecting SMZ sclerosis, and linking them to stiffness can provide insights into the mechanism of osteoarthritis progression. The goal of this study was two-fold: (1) to assess spatial heterogeneity in thickness, BMD, and porosity within the non-pathological human facet joint SMZ; (2) to correlate these measurements with the static modulus of elasticity (MOEsta ). Four non-pathological facet joints were excised and imaged using micro-computed tomography (µCT) to measure SMZ thickness, BMD, and porosity. A total of eight parallelepiped SMZ samples were similarly analyzed and then mechanically tested. The mean SMZ BMD, porosity, and thickness (± Standard Deviation) of the whole facet joints were 611 ± 35 mgHA/cc, 9.8 ± 1.3%, and 1.39 ± 0.41 mm, respectively. The mean BMD, porosity, and MOEsta of the eight SMZ samples were 479 ± 23 mgHA/cc, 12 ± 0.01%, and 387 ± 138 MPa, respectively, with a positive rank correlation between BMD and porosity. BMD and porosity were more homogeneous within the facet joint than thickness and they could be more reliable parameters than thickness for detecting SMZ sclerosis. The values for the physiological SMZ and MOEsta of human facets joints obtained here were independent of BMD. SMZ BMD and porosity were related to each other.

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Spatiotemporal Distribution of Linear Microcracks and Diffuse Microdamage Following Daily Bouts of Fatigue Loading of Rat Ulnae

Liu

Tang

Zhang

et al. 2019

Journal Orthopaedic Research

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Microdamage accumulation contributes to impaired skeletal mechanical integrity. The bone can remove microdamage by initiating targeted bone remodeling. However, the spatiotemporal characteristics of microdamage initiation and propagation and their relationship with bone remodeling in response to fatigue loading, especially for more physiologically relevant daily bouts of compressive loading, remain poorly understood. The right forelimbs of 24 rats were cyclically loaded with a ramp waveform for 1,500 cycles/day, and contralateral ulnae were not loaded as the controls. The rats were divided into four equal groups and loaded for 1, 4, 7, and 10 days, respectively. We demonstrated that linear microcracking accumulation exhibited a non‐linear time‐varying process within 10 days of loading with peaked microcrack density at Day 7. Disrupted canaliculi surrounding linear microcracks showed high similarity with the temporal changes of linear microcracking accumulation. Observable intracortical resorption regions were found on Day 10. We found more linear microcracks accumulated in the tensile cortex, but longer cracks were observed in the compressive sides. Increased accumulation of diffuse microdamage was observed from Day 4, but no obvious peak was observed within the 10‐day loading period. Diffuse damage first initiated in the compressive cortices but extended to tension from Day 7. The diffuse damage exhibited no impacts on the surrounding osteocyte integrity. Together, our findings revealed a time‐dependent, bone remodeling‐mediated varying process of linear microcracking accumulation following daily bouts of fatigue loading (with observable peak at Day 7 under our loading regime). Our study also identified distinct spatial accumulation of linear and diffuse microdamage in rat ulnae with tensile and compressive strains. © 2019 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 37:2112–2121, 2019

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Progressive post-yield behavior of human cortical bone in compression for middle-aged and elderly groups

Cited by 59 publications

References 41 publications

Progressive Post-Yield Behavior of Human Cortical Bone in Shear

Progressive Post-Yield Behavior of Human Cortical Bone in Shear

Morphological and biomechanical analyses of the subchondral mineralized zone in human sacral facet joints: Application to improved diagnosis of osteoarthritis

Spatiotemporal Distribution of Linear Microcracks and Diffuse Microdamage Following Daily Bouts of Fatigue Loading of Rat Ulnae

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