Prostate-specific antigen and lack of specificity for prostate cells

Diamandis, E.P.; Yu, He

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(95)91021-2

Cited by 22 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…The investigations have revealed that every gram of cancer prostate tissue increases the value of serum PSA for 2.3 ng/ml in average, while every gram of hyperplasic tissue increases the same parameter 10 times less compared to cancer tissue 19,20 . While PSA is primarily produced by prostatic epithelial cells, PSA has also been noted to be detected in trace amounts in the periurethral glands, endometrium, normal breast tissue, breast tumor, breast milk, adrenal neoplasm, and renal cell carcinoma 21,22 . Because PSA usually found in low concentration in serum, measured elevation of PSA in serum have allowed it to become an important marker for prostate cancer 23 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnostic Utility of Prostate Specific Antigen for Detection of Prostatic Lesions

Jasani¹,

Patel²,

Gheewala³

et al. 2012

Int J of Biomed & Adv Res

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnostic Utility of Prostate Specific Antigen for Detection of Prostatic Lesions

Jasani¹,

Patel²,

Gheewala³

et al. 2012

Int J of Biomed & Adv Res

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“…Some authors have proposed that the higher PSA concentrations in male cord bloods may represent the R. Nagar (&) Á K. K. Sharma Department of Biochemistry, Dr. RP Government Medical College, Kangra, Himachal Pradesh, India e-mail: dr.renunagar@yahoo.com production of PSA by the infant prostate due to high concentrations of androgens around the time of birth, which stimulates the synthesis of this PSA [1,6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prostate Specific Antigen in Cord Blood

Nagar

Sharma

2012

Ind J Clin Biochem

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Recent studies have demonstrated the presence of prostate specific antigen (PSA) in cord blood of male as well as female babies. The placental progesterone and estradiol up-regulate the synthesis and secretion of PSA in Placenta. This PSA is presumed to play a role in intrauterine growth of fetus by virtue of its proteolytic action on several substrates including insulin-like-growth-factorbinding-protein-3, insulin chains and Interleukin-2. This study was planned with the objective of correlating the levels of PSA in cord blood to gestation at delivery, the type of delivery and gender of the fetus. Fifty-seven cord blood samples were collected from the umbilical cord during delivery or mid-trimester abortion and analyzed for PSA using 'Active PSA DSL-9700 ultra sensitive' kit employing two-site immuno-radiometric assay principle and having a detection limit of 0.001 ng/ml. Mean PSA levels in cord blood were found to be 0.112 ± 0.027 ng/ ml. The concentration of PSA in cord blood was found to be higher in case of higher gestational age, male baby and operative delivery. 50 % of cord bloods for female babies had PSA below detection limit (range \0.001-0.460 ng/ ml), while all the male samples had detectable PSA (range 0.11-0.973 ng/ml). Higher Progesterone levels found in prenatal maternal blood in case of male babies may be responsible for the higher cord blood PSA. Mean cord blood PSA was 0.150 ± 0.150 ng/ml in forceps delivery and 0.078 ± 0.012 ng/ml in normal vaginal delivery. Forceps delivery causes much more stress and strain as compared to a normal vaginal delivery, resulting in increased levels of adrenal glucocorticoids, and therefore, higher cord blood PSA.

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“…Despite the favorable epidemiological trend subsequent to implementation of widespread prostate cancer screening, questions still remain regarding over-diagnosis and treatment of indolent tumors since PSA is not specific for malignant transformation or cancer progression. [13][14][15][16] Furthermore, recent articles describe potential problems with the continued use of serum PSA as an indication for prostate biopsy and prostate cancer treatment in the 21 st century. [17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25] Initially, serum PSA values had a significant impact and correlation with pathologically relevant parameters such as tumor size, palpable disease, presence of lymph node metastasis, extra-capsular extension and seminal vesicle invasion.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prostate specific antigen as a clinical biomarker for prostate cancer: What’s the take home message?

Leach

Koh²,

Chan³

et al. 2005

Cancer Biology & Therapy

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Prostate specific antigen (PSA) continues to be challenged as a legitimate clinical biomarker in early detection of prostate cancer due to lack of specificity for malignant transformation. Skepticism surrounding the utility of serum PSA as a clinical marker is not new and many questioned its initial use in widespread prostate cancer screening due to non-specific expression and low predictive value for cancer detection. Despite these initial concerns, serum PSA measurement along with digital rectal examination (DRE) is currently the accepted practice for prostate cancer screening in the United States with hundreds of thousands of men undergoing serum PSA measurement annually. In contrast to its role for early detection, serum PSA measurement as a surrogate for prostate cancer recurrence (biochemical failure) following curative intent therapy has consummate clinical utility in post-treatment surveillance. As thousands of men each year are aggressively treated for potentially curable prostate cancer, development of simple and effective diagnostic tools for detecting treatment failures should be an important area of biomedical and clinical investigation. We have constructed and tested a home-based prostate cancer surveillance device for use by patients to detect PSA from blood obtained by finger stick. Our initial results suggest that home based PSA testing is feasible and may have clinical utility in management of men treated for prostate cancer.

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Prostate-specific antigen and lack of specificity for prostate cells

Cited by 22 publications

References 4 publications

Diagnostic Utility of Prostate Specific Antigen for Detection of Prostatic Lesions

Diagnostic Utility of Prostate Specific Antigen for Detection of Prostatic Lesions

Prostate Specific Antigen in Cord Blood

Prostate specific antigen as a clinical biomarker for prostate cancer: What’s the take home message?

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