Quantitative Assessment of Calcium Profile in Whole Saliva From Smokers and Non-Smokers with Chronic Generalized Periodontitis

Varghese, Megha; Hegde, Shashikanth; Kashyap, Rajesh; Maiya, Arun Kumar

doi:10.7860/jcdr/2015/12334.5948

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…The present study showed significantly elevated Ca levels in smokers when compared with non-smokers. A study by Megha Varghese et al and Kolte et al reported analogous findings in a sample of periodontitis patients, with salivary calcium ranging higher in the smoker group than in non-smokers [43,44]. Gupta VV et al also observed concordant findings in their study, wherein calcium level was increased in smokers diagnosed with aggressive periodontitis [45].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

Assessment and Correlation of Salivary Ca, Mg, and pH in Smokers and Non-Smokers with Generalized Chronic Periodontitis

et al. 2023

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Background and Objectives: Diagnostic evaluation with the aid of biomarkers has reached newer heights to assess disease activity. Salivary calcium, magnesium, and pH are one of the biochemical parameters which can be helpful in assessing the progression of periodontal disease. Smokers are at topnotch threat for having oral diseases, predominantly periodontal diseases. The aim of this study was to assess the salivary calcium, magnesium, and pH levels in smokers compared with non-smokers with chronic periodontitis. Materials and Methods: The current study was conducted on 210 individuals affected with generalized chronic periodontitis, with the age group between 25 and 55 years. Based on their smoking habit, an equal number of patients were categorized into two groups; namely, group I consisted of non-smokers and group II consisted of smokers. The clinical parameters that were measured included Plaque Index (PI), Gingival Index (GI), Probing Pocket Depth (PPD), and Clinical Attachment Loss (CAL). The biochemical variables that were evaluated in the current study included salivary calcium, magnesium, and pH using an AVL9180 electrolyte analyzer (Roche, Germany). The gathered data were analyzed with an unpaired t test was using SPSS 20.0. Results: A statistically significant higher PPD (p < 0.01), CAL (p < 0.05), and salivary calcium levels (p < 0.001) were observed in the smokers’ compared with their non-smoking counterparts. Among the biochemical parameters, calcium showed a significantly (p < 0.001) higher level in smokers (5.79 ± 1.76) in contrast to non-smokers (3.87 ± 1.03). Additionally, a significant negative correlation (p < 0.05) between calcium and PPD was observed in non-smokers, whereas a non-significant inverse relation (p > 0.05) was seen in smokers. Conclusions: The present study indicates that the salivary calcium level can be a potential biochemical parameter to assess the progression of periodontal disease in smokers and non-smokers. Within the limitations of the current study, the salivary biomarkers appear to have an essential role in the identification and indication of the status of periodontal diseases.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

Assessment and Correlation of Salivary Ca, Mg, and pH in Smokers and Non-Smokers with Generalized Chronic Periodontitis

et al. 2023

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“…Group II (Chronic Periodontitis Group): 30 patients suffering from C.P. All subjects had signed an informed written consent form and the study was approved by the research ethics committee, after explaining the study procedures.…”

Section: Group I (Control Group): 20 Periodontally Healthy Volunteersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It might act as a risk factor for the development and progression of periodontal diseases by hampering the normal structure and function of alveolar bone. They recommended more studies to prove the clinical significance of their findings [30] .…”

Section: A Study Performed By Varghese Et Al 2015mentioning

confidence: 99%

Levels of Vitamin D and Calcium as Risk Factors for Chronic Periodontitis

Hassan

Tarrad

Shaker

2018

Egyptian Dental Journal

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Objectives:This study was conducted to estimate, compare and correlate the serum and salivary vitamin D3 (VitD3) in form of [25 (OH) D] and calcium (Ca) levels in healthy subjects and chronic periodontitis (C.P) patients. Subjects and methods:The study included 50 subjects divided into 2 groups: 30 C.P patients and 20 periodontally healthy subjects. Clinical examination was performed for all subjects, salivary and blood samples were collected from all 50 subjects. Salivary and serum VitD3 levels were assessed by ELISA assay, while Ca was measured colouremetrically.Results : Salivary and serum VitD3 levels were significantly higher in control subjects compared to C.P patients. Salivary Ca level was significantly higher in C.P group than control group but serum Ca level showed insignificance higher level in control group than C.P patients. No significance correlation was observed except for saliva and serum VitD3 levels there was a statistical significance correlation in the control group. Conclusion:Low salivary and serum VitD3 and high salivary Ca levels are associated with periodontitis, they might be considered as risk factors for periodontal diseases but this association need to be confirmed in more future studies. , et al.: Plasma 25 hydroxy vitamin D concentrations and periodontal disease in postmenopausal women. J Periodontol.; 84: 1243-56, 2013

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Comparative Evaluation of Salivary Parameters in Tobacco Substance Abusers

Bhavsar,

Shah,

Bhavasar

et al. 2023

Front. Biosci. (Landmark Ed)

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Background: Tobacco use by youth is ever-demanding, and it is increasingly distributed not only in India but also globally. Saliva is a complex oral bio-fluid, freely available, performing absolute tasks for maintaining oral health and homeostasis. It contains a plethora of significant constituents such as proline-rich proteins (PRPs), immunoglobulins, IgA, enzymes lysozyme, lactoferrin, peroxidases, amylase, etc. The basic ecological balance of the oral cavity is stabilized via salivary clearance by reduced aggregation and adherence of microorganisms by direct microbial activity. This balance of oral activity is also done by indirect mechanisms by immunological as well as non-immunological means and also by effectively regulating salivary pH flow rate. This institutional observational study was planned to assess and compare salivary parameters (pH, salivary flow rate), total proteins, α-amylase, calcium, phosphate, and IgA, of unstimulated whole saliva of both tobacco abusers and tobacco non-users. Methods: The Study consisted of 270 participants (Tobacco habit) group, n = 135 and Control (Healthy) group, n = 135 and were in the age range of 20–50 years. They were assessed for oral health status, followed by the analysis of salivary pH, flow rate, total proteins, amylase, calcium, phosphates, and IgA of unstimulated whole saliva. Results: Comparative evaluation of salivary parameters among groups found that varying tobacco abusers had increased salivary amylase, protein levels, and phosphate whereas decreased salivary pH, flow rate, IgA, and in the whole unstimulated saliva samples than those of non-tobacco users. This difference among groups was statistically significant. (p < 0.05), and calcium levels were not altered significantly. Conclusions: This study concludes that salivary parameters are altered in tobacco abusers when compared to those of non-abusers, and it was more significant in smokeless tobacco abusers than in any other form of tobacco abuse.

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Quantitative Assessment of Calcium Profile in Whole Saliva From Smokers and Non-Smokers with Chronic Generalized Periodontitis

Cited by 4 publications

References 13 publications

Assessment and Correlation of Salivary Ca, Mg, and pH in Smokers and Non-Smokers with Generalized Chronic Periodontitis

Assessment and Correlation of Salivary Ca, Mg, and pH in Smokers and Non-Smokers with Generalized Chronic Periodontitis

Levels of Vitamin D and Calcium as Risk Factors for Chronic Periodontitis

Comparative Evaluation of Salivary Parameters in Tobacco Substance Abusers

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