1. Though the occurrence of intestinal mucosal uptake of intact peptides, with cellular hydrolysis to amino acids, has been established, the importance of this mode of absorption in protein absorption is not known. This paper describes a comparison of the rates of intestinal absorption of pancreatic hydrolysates of four proteins with . those of the corresponding acid hydrolysates or amino acid mixtures.2. The results show that the absorption of pancreatic hydrolysates, consisting largely of small peptides of two to six amino acid residues, is substantially more rapid than that of the corresponding mixtures of free amino acids. This shows that the small intestine has a high capacity for absorption from mixtures of small peptides such as might be produced during protein digestion, and supports the hypothesis that mucosal uptake of intact oligopeptides is an important mode of protein absorption.Though the existence of a second mode of protein absorption, mucosal uptake of oligopeptides with cellular hydrolysis, as distinct from complete intralumen hydrolysis with uptake of free amino acids, is established (Newey indicate that the dipeptide uptake mechanism remains intact and in these circumstances peptide uptake is nutritionally important. Features of the intestinal transport of individual peptides, including the faster absorption of amino acids from high concentrations of small peptides than from the equivalent