Regional climate change experiments over southern South America. I: present climate

Solman, Silvina Alicia; Núñez, Mario N.; Cabre, Maria Fernanda

doi:10.1007/s00382-007-0304-3

Cited by 90 publications

(86 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…In general, we can affirm that the mean specific humidity fields over South America in the regional model are of the same order of magnitude as those from the reanalyses, with similar spatial distribution and with some systematic positive or negative biases in some regions. Some of these differences could also be due to the meridional shifts of bands of high specific humidity during the annual cycle, or to the parameterization of the Andes in both the HadRM3P and the NCEP reanalyses (Alves, 2007;Solman et al, 2008).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessments of moisture fluxes east of the Andes in South America in a global warming scenario

Soares

Marengo

2008

Intl Journal of Climatology

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The HadRM3P regional model from the UK Hadley Centre has been used to assess the moisture flux and the low-level jet (LLJ) east of the Andes in South America over two time periods: the first can be understood as the current climate and covers the period from 1980 to 1989; the second covers the period from 2080 to 2089 under a future global warming climate as projected by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Special Report on Emissions Scenarios (SRES) A2 high-emission scenario. The results are analyzed considering the vertically integrated moisture transport in the lower atmosphere and the moisture flux between the two core areas of South America -the Amazon Basin and the La Plata River Basin. In order to analyze the moisture transport east of the Andes, composites of South American LLJs were built based on the wind speed and vertical wind shear following the modified Bonner criteria 1 used to define LLJs. Integrations along the lateral boundaries of the two basins show that there could be a more intense moisture transport from tropical regions available to feed the mesoscale convective systems in the subtropical La Plata Basin in the IPCC A2 scenario, as compared to the present. This is because of the intense flow to the south associated with a faster LLJ bringing more moisture from the Amazon Basin southwards. It was also observed that the presence of the LLJ affects moisture convergence in the Amazon Basin in the current climate as well as in the warmer climate. In the future high-emission scenario A2, a more intense LLJ in a global warming climate suggests increased moisture transport from north to south east of the Andes as compared to the present.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessments of moisture fluxes east of the Andes in South America in a global warming scenario

Soares

Marengo

2008

Intl Journal of Climatology

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“…The model reproduces throughout the year the nearly constant behavior of temperature and SLP with magnitudes not differing more than 1°C and 1 hPa from the observed values. Nevertheless, it is notorious that the model simulates in this region much more rainfall than observed, probably due to a bad representation of the mean flow interaction with the orography (e.g., Solman et al 2007). …”

Section: Northern Andes (Na)mentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Most of the models have a resolution larger than 1°( e. g., Dai 2006) producing a smoothed topography that can affect the representation of climatic local conditions. Simulations with different regional models mostly performed on seasonal scales have been done to represent the mean and variability conditions of the South American climate (Berbery and Collini 2000;Seth and Rojas 2003;Rojas and Seth 2003;Misra et al 2003;Seth et al 2004;Solman et al 2007, among others). Seth et al (2007) examined climatological integrations for South America with a regional climate model using a continental scale domain nested in both reanalysis data and multiple realizations of an atmospheric general circulation model.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A high-resolution 43-year atmospheric hindcast for South America generated with the MPI regional model

Silvestri

Vera

Jacob³

et al. 2008

Clim Dyn

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An evaluation of the present-day climate in South America simulated by the MPI atmospheric limited area model, REMO, is made. The model dataset was generated by dynamical downscaling from the ECMWF-ERA40 reanalysis and compared to in-situ observations. The model is able to reproduce the low-level summer monsoon circulation but it has some deficiencies in representing the South American Low-Level Jet structure. At upper levels, summer circulation features like the Bolivian High and the associated subtropical jet are well simulated by the model. Sea-level pressure fields are in general well represented by REMO. The model exhibits reasonable skill in representing the general features of the mean seasonal cycle of precipitation. Nevertheless, there is a systematic overestimation of precipitation in both tropical and subtropical regions. Differences between observed and modeled temperature are smaller than 1.5°C over most of the continent, excepting during spring when those differences are quite large. Results also show that the dynamical downscaling performed using REMO introduces some enhancement of the global reanalysis especially in temperature at the tropical regions during the warm season and in precipitation in both the subtropics and extratropics. It is then concluded that REMO can be a useful tool for regional downscaling of global simulations of present and future climates.

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“…The downscaling of the HadAM3 model outputs to the MM5 model has already been carried out for regional climate change simulations over South America (Solman et al, 2007).…”

Section: Air Quality Modelling Applicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The dynamical downscaling of the HadAM3P outputs to the MM5 model has already been attempted by Solman et al (2007) over southern South America. The authors concluded that the observed regional patterns of surface air temperatures (means, maxima, and minima) were well reproduced.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate-driven changes in air quality over Europe by the end of the 21st century, with special reference to Portugal

Carvalho

Monteiro

Solman³

et al. 2010

Environmental Science & Policy

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Regional climate change experiments over southern South America. I: present climate

Cited by 90 publications

References 36 publications

Assessments of moisture fluxes east of the Andes in South America in a global warming scenario

Assessments of moisture fluxes east of the Andes in South America in a global warming scenario

A high-resolution 43-year atmospheric hindcast for South America generated with the MPI regional model

Climate-driven changes in air quality over Europe by the end of the 21st century, with special reference to Portugal

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