Relation of microstructure, microhardness and underlying thermodynamics in molten pools of laser melting deposition processed TiC/Inconel 625 composites

Cao, Sainan; Gu, Dongdong; Shi, Qimin

doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2016.09.098

Cited by 91 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Microhardness is a parameter widely used in studying various types of materials, such as metals [26], ceramics [27], or composites [28]. It is also used in analyses of minerals and rocks [29] what seems to be particularly interesting are the microhardness analyses used in identifying particular stages and micro-fractures in carbonates [30].…”

Section: Description Of the Research Problemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microhardness of Coal from Near-Fault Zones in Coal Seams Threatened with Gas-Geodynamic Phenomena, Upper Silesian Coal Basin, Poland

Godyń

Kožušníková

2019

Energies

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Near-fault coal displays some specific structural and textural features. As the distance to the fault diminishes, one can observe ever stronger, gradual degradation of coal, demonstrated by the emergence of structural distortions exogenic in their origin, visible under a microscope. The process of gradual degradation of coal—manifested by the appearance of structural distortions exogenic in their origin—takes place. This can be observed under a microscope. The measurements of the microhardness of structurally altered coal carried out using the Vickers hardness test. For the purpose of this research, a microhardness tester by the CSM Instruments was used. The microhardness of particular structural types of coal was measured. The procedure encompassed both structurally unaltered and altered coal. The tested objects were exogenically fractured fragments, cataclastic, and mylonitic structures. Each of the analyzed structural types displayed a different range of the microhardness, with the highest values confirmed for the structurally unaltered coal. In the case of fractured coal, the microhardness values were somewhat lower. Finally, the lowest values were ascertained for cataclastic coal. Mylonitic coal, in turn, displayed microhardness values similar to those found in the unaltered coal. It was also observed that, in the case of the unaltered, fractured, and cataclastic coal, cracks propagated in the manner typical of brittle materials, whereas the mylonitic coal revealed some degree of elasticity. The analyzed microhardness parameters expose the structural–textural features of coal, particularly when it comes to the degree and character of destruction of the rock’s original matrix. The specific structural–textural composition of particular types of near-fault creations influences both their sorption parameters and the compactness of coal in a seam.

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Section: Description Of the Research Problemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microhardness of Coal from Near-Fault Zones in Coal Seams Threatened with Gas-Geodynamic Phenomena, Upper Silesian Coal Basin, Poland

Godyń

Kožušníková

2019

Energies

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“…For the proof of this, the presence of particles randomly aligned close to the interfacial boundary represented the high diffusion reaction of IN718 from use of the SLM process. That is to say, work in progress shows that the BN phase may serve as a preferred nucleation site for the adjacent IN718 phase according to the stimulated nucleation effect 54 – 56 . Whatever nucleation of IN718 was envisaged, the stabilizing energy at the interfacial boundaries of the BN made the occurrence of random orientation of IN718 particles very limited in interactions between BN and IN718 54 – 56 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…That is to say, work in progress shows that the BN phase may serve as a preferred nucleation site for the adjacent IN718 phase according to the stimulated nucleation effect 54 – 56 . Whatever nucleation of IN718 was envisaged, the stabilizing energy at the interfacial boundaries of the BN made the occurrence of random orientation of IN718 particles very limited in interactions between BN and IN718 54 – 56 . Namely, the completely molten IN718 percolated into the partially molten BN during the diffusive migration of IN718; then solidified rapidly on contact with the partially melted BN 54 – 56 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Whatever nucleation of IN718 was envisaged, the stabilizing energy at the interfacial boundaries of the BN made the occurrence of random orientation of IN718 particles very limited in interactions between BN and IN718 54 – 56 . Namely, the completely molten IN718 percolated into the partially molten BN during the diffusive migration of IN718; then solidified rapidly on contact with the partially melted BN 54 – 56 . Overall, the alignment of the IN718 particles shows that there was high diffusion and sudden cooling at the interface between BN and IN718, which corresponded to the unique characteristics of the laser heat treatment.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Thermo-mechanical improvement of Inconel 718 using ex situ boron nitride-reinforced composites processed by laser powder bed fusion

Kim

Shin

Kim

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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Hexagonal boron nitride-reinforced Inconel 718 (h-BN/IN718) composites were fabricated using a laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) technique to treat a nanosheet-micropowder precursor mixture prepared in a mechanical blending process. Tailoring the BN in IN718 enhanced the thermal resistance of the composites, thereby dampening the sharpness of the melting temperature peak at 1364 °C. This is because the presence of the BN reinforcement, which has a low coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE), resulted in a heat-blocking effect within the matrix. Following this lead, we found that the BN (2.29 g/cm3) was uniformly distributed and strongly embedded in the IN718 (8.12 g/cm3), with the lowest alloy density value (7.03 g/cm3) being obtained after the addition of 12 vol% BN. Consequently, its specific hardness and compressive strength rose to 41.7 Hv0.5 ·cm3/g and 92.4 MPa·cm3/g, respectively, compared to the unreinforced IN718 alloy with 38.7 Hv0.5 ·cm3/g and 89.4 MPa·cm3/g, respectively. Most importantly, we discovered that the wear resistance of the composite improved compared to the unreinforced IN718, indicated by a decrease in the coefficient of friction (COF) from 0.43 to 0.31 at 2400 s. This is because the BN has an exfoliated surface and intrinsically high sliding and lubricating characteristics.

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“…Many investigations report the addition of ceramic particles such as TiC, WC, SiC, and TiB 2 characterized by high hardness and elevated melting temperature to alloy processed by AM. The reinforced ceramic particles are commonly mixed with the alloy powder before the LPBF process [3][4][5][6][7][8][9]. Regarding the LPBF process, the reinforcing phases are typically ceramic particles used to develop metal matrix composites starting from various metal alloys, e.g., aluminum, stainless steels, and Ni-based superalloys [3,4,6,[9][10][11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microstructure and Hardness Evolution of Solution Annealed Inconel 625/TiC Composite Processed by Laser Powder Bed Fusion

Marchese

Aversa

Bassini

2021

Metals

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This study deals with the Inconel 625 (IN625) alloy reinforced with micro-TiC particles processed by laser powder bed fusion. The microstructure and hardness in the as-built and solution-annealed states were investigated. The microstructures of the as-built IN625 and IN625/TiC states were primarily made up of columnar grains along the building direction. After the solution annealing at 1150 °C for 2 h, the IN625 alloy consisted of equiaxed grains due to recrystallization and grain growth. On the contrary, the solution-annealed IN625/TiC composite still presented columnar grains. Therefore, the TiC particles hinder the recrystallization, indicating higher microstructure stability for the composite. For the IN625/TiC composite, both the reduced alteration of the grains and the more intensive formation of carbides prevent a remarkable hardness reduction in the solution-annealed state.

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Relation of microstructure, microhardness and underlying thermodynamics in molten pools of laser melting deposition processed TiC/Inconel 625 composites

Cited by 91 publications

References 34 publications

Microhardness of Coal from Near-Fault Zones in Coal Seams Threatened with Gas-Geodynamic Phenomena, Upper Silesian Coal Basin, Poland

Microhardness of Coal from Near-Fault Zones in Coal Seams Threatened with Gas-Geodynamic Phenomena, Upper Silesian Coal Basin, Poland

Thermo-mechanical improvement of Inconel 718 using ex situ boron nitride-reinforced composites processed by laser powder bed fusion

Microstructure and Hardness Evolution of Solution Annealed Inconel 625/TiC Composite Processed by Laser Powder Bed Fusion

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