Removal of Platinum and Palladium from Wastewater by Means of Biosorption on Fungi Aspergillus sp. and Yeast Saccharomyces sp.

Abstract

The emission of platinum group metals from different sources has caused elevated concentrations of platinum and palladium in samples of airborne particulate matter, soil, surface waters and sewage sludge. The ability of biomass of Aspergillus sp. and yeast Saccharomyces sp. for removal of Pt(IV) and Pd(II) from environmental samples was studied in this work. The pH of the solution, the mass of biosorbent, and contact time were optimized. The Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption isotherms and kinetic results were used for interpretation of the process equilibrium of Pt(IV) and Pd(II) on both microorganisms. The maximal efficiency of retention of Pt(IV) on yeast and fungi was obtained at acidic solutions (pH 2.0 for Pt(IV) and pH 2.5–3.5 for Pd(II)). The equilibrium of the biosorption process was attained within 45 min. The best interpretation for the experimental data was given by the Langmuir isotherm. Kinetics of the Pt and Pd adsorption process suit well the pseudo-second-order kinetics model. Fungi Aspergillus sp. shows higher adsorption capacity for both metals than yeast Saccharomyces sp. The maximum adsorption capacity of fungi was 5.49 mg g−1 for Pt(IV) and 4.28 mg g−1 for Pd(II). The fungi possess the ability for efficient removal of studied ions from different wastewater samples (sewage and road run-off water). It was also demonstrated, that quantitative recovery of Pd from industrial wastes could be obtained by biosorption using Aspergillus sp.

Chemically modified rice husk as an effective adsorbent for removal of palladium ions

“…This value is indicative of rapid kinetics of RH@MCM-41@ARS towards Pd 2+ compared to other sorbents. Maximum adsorption efficiency of Pd 2+ was attained after 45 min on a biomass of fungi and yeast [ 32 ], 180 min on silk fibroin fiber [ 33 ], 30 min onto a montmorillonite derivative [ 34 ], 240 min on bayberry tannin immobilized collagen fiber [ 35 ] and 120 min on glycine modified crosslinked chitosan resin [ 36 ]. According to the obtained results, 20 min has been set as the optimum stirring time for the next experiments.…”

Biotechnological synthesis of Pd-based nanoparticle catalysts

“…optimal Pd( ii ) biosorption occurred at pH = 2–3, due to electrostatic interactions between anionic [PdCl 4 ] 2− and [PdCl 3 (H 2 O)] − complexes and protonated functional groups. 76 However, the biosorption capacity was much lower outside this narrow pH range. At strongly acidic pH (pH < 2) biosorption decreased due to Cl − ions competing with [PdCl 4 ] 2− for protonated cell surface sites.…”

Platinum Group Metals: A Review of Resources, Production and Usage with a Focus on Catalysts

“…It is presumed that this application is dissipative as these chemicals end up in the sewer. While the presence of PGM in some waste waters has been investigated using a range of techniques [86], it appears that sewage remediation is more generally focused on heavy metal removal rather than having a focus of PGM [87]. This may be because of the low concentrations of PGM in sewage from pharmaceutical sources.…”