The vaginal microbiome is dominated by
Lactobacillus
spp. and
the depletion of these microorganisms have been associated with adverse
conditions that can affect women’s health. Disturbance of the vaginal niche with
a non-lactobacillary microbiota is associated with susceptibility to some
diseases, such as obstetric alterations and infertility, resulting in failure in
natural pregnancies and increased demand for assisted reproduction treatments.
The present study sought to understand the influence of
Lactobacillus
spp. and fertility female. A systematic
search was performed in the following databases: PubMed, MEDLINE, SciELO and
LILACS, using the keywords: “Microbiome”; “
Lactobacillus
” and
“Female Infertility”, published in the last five years. The search resulted in
92 articles; however, 38 articles were excluded due to duplicity, 23 articles
were excluded in the selection title/abstract, leaving 31 articles for full
reading. In the end, 18 articles were analyzed. The studies encompassed a total
of 2,011 women, using 27 types of samples to verify the composition of the
microbiome. The eighteen articles that reported the microbiome of fertile women
were constituted by a dominance of
Lactobacillus
spp. who
joined to positive predictive outcomes in reproduction, while infertile women
showed a dysbiotic profile. Therefore, analyzing bacterial patterns would allow
a personalized diagnosis, which could favor personalized therapy for prevention
and treatment of certain diseases.