Replication of Vesicular Stomatitis Virus Facilitated in Nonpermissive Cells by Early Functions of Shope Fibroma Virus

Crouch, Norman A.

doi:10.3181/00379727-157-40026

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…It has been known since the 1970s that Shope fibroma virus--induced tumors were permissive to co-infections with other viruses [284]. For example, VSV readily infected and inhibited the growth of these tumors [62,397]. "Plaque production" in cultured cells by the fibroma--myxoma group of viruses [453] could have suggested that under certain circumstances some oncogenic viruses could practice cell-or onco-lysis; the term "plaques" is used correctly to indicate clear areas in a culture produced by the destruction of cells by a virus.…”

Section: Myxomavirusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural and genetically engineered viral agents for oncolysis and gene therapy of human cancers

Sinkovics

Horváth

2008

Arch. Immunol. Ther. Exp.

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Based on personal acquaintances and experience dating back to the early 1950s, the senior author reviews the history of viral therapy of cancer. He points out the difficulties encountered in the treatment of human cancers, as opposed by the highly successful viral therapy of experimentally maintained tumors in laboratory animals, especially that of ascites carcinomas in mice. A detailed account of viral therapy of human tumors with naturally oncolytic viruses follows, emphasizing the first clinical trials with viral oncolysates. The discrepancy between the high success rates, culminating in cures, in the treatment of tumors of laboratory animals, and the moderate results, such as stabilizations of disease, partial responses, very rare complete remissions, and frequent relapses with virally treated human tumors is recognized. The preclinical laboratory testing against established human tumor cell lines that were maintained in tissue cultures for decades, and against human tumors extricated from their natural habitat and grown in xenografts, may not yield valid results predictive of the viral therapy applied against human tumors growing in their natural environment, the human host. Since the recent discovery of the oncosuppressive efficacy of bacteriophages, the colon could be regarded as the battlefield, where incipient tumor cells and bacteriophages vie for dominance. The inner environment of the colon will be the teaching ground providing new knowledge on the value of the anti-tumor efficacy of phage-induced innate anti-tumor immune reactions. Genetically engineered oncolytic viruses are reviewed next. The molecular biology of viral oncolysis is explained in details. Elaborate efforts are presented to elucidate how gene product proteins of oncolytic viruses switch off the oncogenic cascades of cancer cells. The facts strongly support the conclusion that viral therapy of human cancers will remain in the front lines of modern cancer therapeutics. It may be a combination of naturally oncolytic viruses and wild-type viruses rendered oncolytic and harmless by genetic engineering, that will induce complete remissions of human tumors. It may be necessary to co-administer certain chemotherapeutic agents, advanced cancer vaccines, or even immune lymphocytes, and targeted therapeuticals, to ascertain, that remissions induced by the viral agents will remain complete and durable; will co-operate with anti-tumor host immune reactions, and eventually will result in cures of advanced metastatic human cancers.

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Section: Myxomavirusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural and genetically engineered viral agents for oncolysis and gene therapy of human cancers

Sinkovics

Horváth

2008

Arch. Immunol. Ther. Exp.

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“…2 and 6) after inoculation of smaller -amount of virus (Jacquemont et al 1972) is observed may be successfully used for SFV titration in vitro. After inoculation of higher viral dilutions characteristic focuses in the infected monolayer occur designated as focus-forming units (FFU) (Crouch 1978). Both cell hyperplasia and destruction can easily be detected and evaluated microscopically.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1972;Kasza 1974;Zerbini et al 1975;Crouch 1978) have led us to study the SFV titration il;! vitro ..…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Titration of the Shope Fibroma Virus in vitro

Jeřábek¹,

Dedek²

1981

Acta Vet. Brno

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Jerabek J., L. Dedek: Titration of the Shope Fibroma Virus in vitro. Acta vet. Bmo, 50, 1981: 89-96. For titration of the Shope fibroma virus propagated in cell line RK 13 besides rabbits also the cell culture line RK 13 may be: used. Titration in vitro by both the test tube method and micromethod in platea can replace the laborious titration iri rabbits employed up to now. The mjCJ:omethod proved to be more advantageous as it is simple and time-saving. Titration in vitro may be used to test any phase, of vaccine production, a fact important not. only for vaccine standardization"but also (or production economy.

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“…Replication of vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) is facilitated by Shope fibroma virus (SFV) in cultured domestic rabbit kidney (DRK3) cells (3,7). Despite the broad host range of VSV (10), in the absence of SFV these particular cells are completely nonpermissive when challenged with VSV at a low multiplicity of infection, e.g., 20 infectious particles per cell, apparently because of a defect in the ability of VSV to be adsorbed effectively to the plasma membrane (1,2). When these cells are challenged at a much higher multiplicity, e.g., 1,000 infectious particles per cell, VSV can enter but the infection is still abortive and no VSV is produced (1).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Replication of vesicular stomatitis virus facilitated by Shope fibroma virus in vivo

Crouch¹,

Mitchell²

1979

Infect Immun

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Previous studies show that Shope fibroma virus facilitates replication of vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) in some rabbit cells grown in vitro. In the present investigation, the possibility that these two viruses can also interact in vivo was determined. Rabbits inoculated intradermally with both viruses together, or each separately, were examined for the formation of lesions or tumors and for the production of infectious virus. The presence of VSV interfered with tumorigenesis by Shope fibroma virus. In tumors already formed, production of infectious VSV was greater than in normal skin. Hence, each virus affected the other. Sera and tissues of normal rabbits were found to contain a substance which inhibits VSV; this may act to limit replication of VSV in rabbit skin. In addition, cultured rabbit skin cells appeared to adsorb VSV inefficiently. When persistently infected by Shope fibroma virus, however, adsorption of VSV was markedly improved. Our results suggest that in vivo Shope fibroma virus may facilitate adsorption of VSV to reduce the effect of a natural inhibitor and consequently enhance production of infectious virus.

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Replication of Vesicular Stomatitis Virus Facilitated in Nonpermissive Cells by Early Functions of Shope Fibroma Virus

Cited by 5 publications

References 5 publications

Natural and genetically engineered viral agents for oncolysis and gene therapy of human cancers

Natural and genetically engineered viral agents for oncolysis and gene therapy of human cancers

Titration of the Shope Fibroma Virus in vitro

Replication of vesicular stomatitis virus facilitated by Shope fibroma virus in vivo

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