Resistance and tolerance of potato varieties to potato rot nematode (Ditylenchus destructor) and stem nematode (Ditylenchus dipsaci)

Abstract

Ditylenchus destructor and Ditylenchus dipsaci are economically important plant-parasitic nematodes, affecting potato production mostly in temperate climates. Management through crop rotation is not feasible because of their wide host range. These nematodes are listed as quarantine pests in many countries. Limited information exists on the resistance and tolerance of currently cultivated potatoes to D. destructor and D. dipsaci. Two greenhouse experiments were conducted to screen 25 potato varieties for resistance to and tolerance for D. destructor and D. dipsaci infections. Reproduction factor (RF) and relative susceptibility (RS) were used to evaluate resistance, while potato tuber damage and tuber weight reduction was used to evaluate tolerance. Based on the RF, 16 varieties were evaluated as susceptible (S) while 5 varieties were evaluated as resistant (R) to D. destructor; varieties 'Innovator', 'Aveka' and 'Spunta' were resistant to D. dipsaci based on RF. 'Désirée' was observed to be highly susceptible to D. destructor and D. dipsaci in both experiments and was used as the standard susceptible control variety for the calculation of RS. A scale of 1-9 was used to classify RS of the potato varieties to D. destructor and D. dipsaci, where 9 indicated the highest level of resistance. All classes of resistance to D. destructor and D. dipsaci were observed in the potato varieties tested in the experiments. Six varieties had significantly lower RS to D. dipsaci than the standard susceptible control variety. Tolerant to highly sensitive potato varieties to both nematodes were also observed. RS and external potato tuber damage were identified as suitable methods for resistance and tolerance determination, respectively. This study provides essential information on the status of resistance and tolerance in potato varieties against D. destructor and D. dipsaci but needs to be confirmed under field conditions.

Resistance and Tolerance of Commercial Onion Cultivars to Stem and Bulb Nematode Ditylenchus dipsaci

“…Resistance studies for D. dipsaci are limited, possibility due to the wide range host of D. dipsaci, and resistance studies are mostly for commercial crops of the countries where this nematode is problem. Toynbee-Clarke & Bond (1970), Griffin & Waite (1971), Kühnhold et al (2006) and Mwaura et al (2015) conducted resistance testing studies on red clover, alfalfa, sugar beet and potato, respectively.…”

Cultivar Effects on the Interaction between Free-Living Plant-Parasitic Nematodes and the Fungal Pathogen Rhizoctonia solani in Potato

“…For example, the tuber weight of three of the investigated cultivars was reduced by Meloidogyne incognita but not by the other root-knot nematode species. In addition, the tuber weight loss of potato cultivars subjected to Ditylenchus destructor and Ditylenchus dipsaci ranged from 1% to 87% (Mwaura et al 2015).…”

Keefektifan Perlakuan Air Panas terhadap Nematoda Ditylenchus destructor pada Umbi Bawang Putih

“…Ditylenchus dipsaci Kuhn dan D. destructor Thorne merupakan spesies nematoda terbawa umbi yang berbahaya dan menjadi target pemeriksaan OPTK di banyak negara (Mwaura et al 2014;Samaliev dan Markova 2015;EPPO 2017;CABI 2018aCABI , 2018b. Infeksi oleh D. dipsaci atau D. destructor menyebabkan penurunan kualitas pada umbi bawang putih sehingga tidak laku dijual di pasar dan mengakibatkan kerugian ekonomi secara langsung pada petani (Pethybridge et al 2016).…”

“…Kerusakan D. dipsaci pada bawang putih dilaporkan mencapai 50% di Italia serta 90% di Perancis dan Polandia (CABI 2018b), sedangkan D. destructor dapat menurunkan produksi bawang putih sebesar 10% di Jepang (Cheng et al 2015). Selain bawang putih, kedua spesies nematoda tersebut juga menyerang tanaman kentang dan menyebabkan penurunan hasil produksi yang cukup tinggi (Mwaura et al 2014, Samaliev dan Markova 2015.…”