Review of magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy studies in children with bipolar disorder

Adleman, Nancy E.; Barnea-Goraly, Naama; Chang, Kiki

doi:10.1586/14737175.4.1.69

Cited by 13 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 73 publications

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“…17 Increased basal ganglia choline levels in bipolar patients are also consistent with altered neuronal energetics in this brain region. 47…”

Section: Subcortical Structuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…55 WMH can appear throughout the brain but have been observed to be more common in the frontal cortical portions of the ALN. 47 In addition to increased numbers of WMH, patients with bipolar disorder show overall deficits in white matter volume 56 that may extend to unaffected twins of bipolar patients. 57 Imaging studies of white matter volume and density 39 localize deficits to frontostriatal networks, in particular.…”

Section: White Matter Tractsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Brain Network Dysfunction in Bipolar Disorder

Adler

DelBello

Strakowski³

2006

CNS spectr.

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Bipolar disorder is a common psychiatric condition with significant associated morbidity and mortality. Despite its significance, the neurophysiology and neuropathology of this illness is incompletely understood. Recent advances in neuroimaging techniques have helped to begin clarifying these areas. Specifically, bipolar disorder appears to arise from abnormalities within discrete brain networks (eg, the anterior limbic network). The expression of the symptoms of bipolar disorder does not appear to result from single, localized brain lesions, but rather are emergent properties of dysfunction of these brain networks. As neuroimaging techniques continue to improve, the underlying neural basis of bipolar disorder will be clarified.

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“…17 Increased basal ganglia choline levels in bipolar patients are also consistent with altered neuronal energetics in this brain region. 47…”

Section: Subcortical Structuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: White Matter Tractsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brain Network Dysfunction in Bipolar Disorder

Adler

DelBello

Strakowski³

2006

CNS spectr.

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“…2529 Possible explanations for WMH, which are focal areas of high intensity signal, include abnormalities in myelin or microinfacts. 30 There have been five reports 781120 - 21 examining WMH in children and adolescents with bipolar disorder, one of which was a case report of a bipolar adolescent with WMH. 8 Excluding the single case report, 101 bipolar children and adolescents have been evaluated for WMH.…”

Section: White Matter Hyperintentiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Neurophysiology of Childhood and Adolescent Bipolar Disorder

DelBello

Adler

Strakowski³

2006

CNS spectr.

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Introduction: Children and adolescents with bipolar disorder often present with higher rates of mixed episodes, rapid cycling, and co-occurring attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder than adults with bipolar disorder. It is unclear whether the differences in clinical presentation between youth and adults with bipolar disorder are due to differences in underlying etiologies or developmental differences in symptom manifestation. Neuroimaging studies of children and adolescents with bipolar disorder may clarify whether neurobiological abnormalities associated with early-and adult-onset bipolar disorder are distinct. Moreover, children and adolescents with bipolar disorder are typically closer to their illness onset than bipolar adults, providing a window of opportunity for identifying core neurobiological characteristics of the illness (ie, disease biomarkers) that are independent of repeated affective episodes and other confounding factors associated with illness course.Methods: Peer-reviewed publications of neuroimaging studies of bipolar children and adolescents were reviewed.Results: Structural, neurochemical, and neurofunctional abnormalities in prefrontal and medical temporal and subcortical limbic structures, including the striatum, amygdala, and possibly hippocampus, are present in children and adolescents with bipolar disorder.Conclusion: Differences between neurobiological abnormalities in bipolar youth and adults as well as recommendations for future research directions are discussed.

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“…Neuroimaging studies have provided approaches to discover minor brain structural and functional changes and consequently being used to investigate the pathophysiology of mental diseases. Of note, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies have documented a range of morphometric differences in widespread brain regions as well in PBD (Adleman et al, 2004;Frazier et al, 2005a;Mahon et al, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%