Review of the cotton market in Pakistan and its future prospects

Abstract

-Pakistan is the world's 4th largest producer of cotton. Cultivation along the Indus River extends across nearly 3 million hectares and serves as the backbone of the economy. Despite this importance, information on the cotton sector in Pakistan, in particular with regard to cotton oils, is scanty and not available from a single source. This review seeks to remedy that gap. Though cultivated mainly for fiber, its kernel seed oil is also used as an edible vegetable oil and accounts for a large share of the local oil industry; per capita consumption of edible oils is nearly 14 kg, which is much higher than consumption in countries at similar levels of economic development. Pakistan fulfills 17.7% of its demand for edible oils through cottonseed oil. Total demand for this purpose in 2029-30 is estimated at 5.36 million tons of which local production will be 1.98 million tons. Genetically modified (Bt) cotton was introduced in Pakistan in 2010 to control three deleterious lepidopterous insects; it now accounts for more than 85% of the cotton cultivated. There is good scope for organic cotton production in Pakistan, especially in non-traditional cotton growing areas where there is less insect pressure. High temperature and water scarcity associated with climate change are a major concern, since current cultivation takes place in areas that already experience extremely high temperatures. ème producteur mondial de coton. Les cultures s'étendent sur près de 3 millions d'hectares le long du fleuve Indus et sont l'épine dorsale de l'économie du pays. Pourtant, l'information sur le secteur du coton au Pakistan, en particulier en ce qui concerne les huiles de coton, sont rares et non disponibles à partir d'une source unique. Cet article vise à remédier à cette lacune. Cultivée principalement pour la fibre, l'huile de coton est également utilisée comme une huile végétale alimentaire et représente une part importante de l'industrie pétrolière locale ; la consommation par habitant d'huiles alimentaires avoisinne les 14 kg, ce qui s'avère beaucoup plus élevé que la consommation dans les pays de niveaux similaires de développement économique. Le Pakistan répond à 17,7 % de sa demande d'huiles alimentaires via l'huile de coton. La demande totale en 2029-30 est estimée à 5,36 millions de tonnes, la production locale en assurant 1,98 millions de tonnes. Génétiquement modifié (Bt) le coton a été introduit au Pakistan en 2010 pour contrôler trois lépidoptères nuisibles ; elle représente désormais plus de 85 % du coton cultivé. Il existe de réelles possibilités de production de coton biologique au Pakistan, en particulier dans les régions productrices non traditionnelles où la pression des insectes s'avère inférieure. Une température élevée et la pénurie d'eau associée aux changements climatiques représentent une préoccupation majeure, étant donné que la culture actuelle a lieu dans les zones qui enregistrent déjà des températures extrêmement élevées. Mots clés :Pakistan / coton / huile de coton / tourteaux de coton / recherche

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Cotton yield and Climate Change Adaptation in Pakistan: Application of Multinomial Endogenous Switching Regression Model

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