Revisão taxonômica do complexo Bothrops neuwiedi (Serpentes, Viperidae) com descrição de uma nova espécie

Abstract

Taxonomic revision of the Bothrops neuwiedi complex (Serpentes, Viperidae) with description of a new species. Using a principal components analysis of morphological data of 1,759 specimens, we detected that the Bothrops neuwiedi complex (with 12 subspecies) is, actually, comprised of 7 full species, differing mainly by qualitative characteristics. One species was nominal. Five subspecies were elevated to the species level. Bothrops iglesiasi and the remaining B. neuwiedi subspecies entered in the synonymy of these six species. A new species is described. This new species is characterized by stippled supralabials, instead of the conspicuous supralabial blotches present in other species of this complex. It is further characterized by an inconspicuous postorbital stripe and by 15-27 white-edged trapezoidal dorsolateral dark blotches throughout the body, 5-9 intersupraoculars (usually 7), 1-2 rows of small scales between the subocular and fourth supralabial, 8-9 supralabials (rarely 7 or 10), prelacunal separated from second supralabial, 9-13 infralabials (usually 10-11), 21-26 midbody dorsal scale rows (usually 23), 157-181 ventrals in males, 158-182 ventrals in females, 41-50 divided subcaudals in males, 37-47 in females. The pair of spots at the base of the dorsolateral blotches, typical of the B. neuwiedi complex, is generally diffuse, conferring to the whole blotch the aspect of a transverse saddle. The stippled aspect of the supralabials also appears in other scales throughout the rest of the body. This color pattern and the diffuse borders of the blotches confer a marbled pattern to this snake. We compare the new species with all related congeners, provide comments upon its distribution, and present an artificial identification key for the species of B. neuwiedi complex.Keywords: Serpentes, Viperidae, Crotalinae, Bothrops neuwiedi complex, taxonomic revision, species description, South America. . n. bolivianus), B. pauloensis, B. pubescens e a nova espécie. Esta nova espécie é caracterizada por apresentar supralabiais pontuadas, ao invés das manchas conspícuas presentes nas demais espécies do complexo. Caracteriza-se também por apresentar faixa pós-orbital inconspícua, 15-27 manchas dorsolaterais escuras, margeadas de branco e com formato trapezoidal, 5-9 intersupraoculares (geralmente 7), 1-2 linhas de pequenas escamas entre a subocular e a quarta supralabial, 8-9 supralabiais (raramente 7 or 10), prelacunal separada da segunda supralabial, 9-13 infralabiais (geralmente 10-11), 21-26 linhas de escamas dorsais no meio do corpo (geralmente 23), 157-181 ventrais nos machos, 158-182 ventrais nas fêmeas, 41-50 subcaudais divididas nos machos, 37-47 nas fêmeas. O par de pintas na base de cada mancha dorsolateral, típico do complexo B. neuwiedi, geralmente é difuso, conferindo à mancha o aspecto de uma sela transversal. O aspecto pontilhado das supralabiais também aparece nas demais escamas ao longo do corpo. Este padrão de coloração, juntamente com as bordas difusas das manchas, conferem um aspecto marmór...

A new species of pitviper of the genus Bothrops (Serpentes: Viperidae: Crotalinae) from the Central Andes of South America

“…In Bolivia, locals traditionally refer to the new species as "chuta", a local name for Bothrops mattogrossensis. It is important to note that, in the present study, we followed Silva & Rodrigues (2008) and referred to Bolivian populations of the "Bothrops neuwiedi" species group as B. mattogrossensis, but this classification should be taken with caution. A recent study (Carrasco et al 2019) found that those populations from Bolivia are morphologically similar and phylogenetically related to Bothrops diporus, hence a taxonomic re-arrangement may be required.…”

“…In the past decades, several new pitviper species have been described from South America (Harvey 1994;Ferrarezzi & Freire 2001;Silva & Rodrigues 2008;Barbo et al 2012Barbo et al , 2016Carrasco et al 2019), and new discoveries seem likely to occur in the Andean Mountain Range (e.g., Esqueda et al 2005;Passos et al 2009;Rojas-Morales 2012). This vast territory harbors large regions of poorly explored terrain with diverse habitats, most of which have favorable conditions to house pitvipers, like the deep interandean valleys (Koch et al 2018).…”

A complex biogeographic history of diversification in Neotropical lancehead pitvipers (Serpentes, Viperidae)

“…We assigned the distribution of the species to the following pre-defined Neotropical areas (according to Morrone, 2014): Antillean subregion: Antilles or West Indies (Greater and Lesser Antilles) and the Bahamas Islands, including the Bahamas, Cuban, Cayman Islands, Jamaica, Hispaniola, Puerto Rico and Lesser Antilles provinces; Brazilian subregion: Southern and central Mexico, Central America and north-western South America including the Mesoamerican, Pacific, Boreal Brazilian and Southwestern Amazonian dominions; Chacoan subregion: south-eastern South America including the Southeastern Amazonian, Chacoan and Parana dominions; and South American Transition Zone: highlands of the Andes between western Venezuela and northern Chile and central western Argentina, including the Paramo, Desert, Puna, Atacama, Prepuna and Monte provinces. The geographic distribution of each species of Bothrops was obtained from scientific literature (Campbell & Lamar, 1989Carrasco et al, 2012;Fenker, Tedeschi, Pyron, & Nogueira, 2014;Silva & Rodrigues, 2008;Uetz et al, 2018). Detailed information on the assignment of each species of Bothrops in the Neotropical areas adopted is provided in Appendix S2.…”

Lista comentada de las serpientes de la Argentina, con referencias a su sistemática, distribución geográfica, dieta, reproducción, potencial peligrosidad y etimologías

“…Comentarios: La presencia de esta especie en la Argentina es mencionada por primera vez por Ávila & Moreta (1995) sobre la base de dos ejemplares pertenecientes a la colección de la Fundación Miguel Lillo, identificados en ese momento como Bothrops neuwiedi bolivianus. Posteriormente, Silva & Rodrigues (2008) indican la presencia en el país basándose en el trabajo de Ávila & Moretta, pero sin haber examinado dicho material. La presencia real de esta especie en el elenco de las serpientes argentinas es puesta recientemente en duda por Carrasco et al (2019).…”