Rhythms of glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase in brain of chick and their inhibition by light

Pablos, Marta I.; Reíter, Russel J.; Ortíz, Genaro Gabriel; Guerrero, Juan M.; Agapito, M. T.; Chuang, Jin Ing; Sewerynek, Ewa

doi:10.1016/s0197-0186(97)00043-0

Cited by 196 publications

(128 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Furthermore, when chicks were kept in light at night to suppress the melatonin rhythm, the nocturnal increase in neural GPx activity was likewise eliminated [67,69].…”

Section: Influence Of Melatonin On Antioxidative and Pro-oxidative Enmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies in chicks and mice have shown that, pharmacologically, melatonin enhances GRd activity via mechanisms possibly involving a nuclear receptor [68]. Also, as with GPx, brain GRd activity increases at night in chicks exposed to a light:dark cycle of 14:10 h and, furthermore, this rhythm is suppressed when the birds are exposed to light at night [69]. This implies that the nocturnal increase in GRd activity may be impelled by the endogenous melatonin rhythm.…”

Section: Influence Of Melatonin On Antioxidative and Pro-oxidative Enmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Actions of Melatonin in the Reduction of Oxidative Stress

et al. 2000

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Melatonin was discovered to be a direct free radical scavenger less than 10 years ago. Besides its ability to directly neutralize a number of free radicals and reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, it stimulates several antioxidative enzymes which increase its efficiency as an antioxidant. In terms of direct free radical scavenging, melatonin interacts with the highly toxic hydroxyl radical with a rate constant equivalent to that of other highly efficient hydroxyl radical scavengers. Additionally, melatonin reportedly neutralizes hydrogen peroxide, singlet oxygen, peroxynitrite anion, nitric oxide and hypochlorous acid. The following antioxidative enzymes are also stimulated by melatonin: superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase. Melatonin has been widely used as a protective agent against a wide variety of processes and agents that damage tissues via free radical mechanisms.

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“…Furthermore, when chicks were kept in light at night to suppress the melatonin rhythm, the nocturnal increase in neural GPx activity was likewise eliminated [67,69].…”

Section: Influence Of Melatonin On Antioxidative and Pro-oxidative Enmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Influence Of Melatonin On Antioxidative and Pro-oxidative Enmentioning

confidence: 99%

Actions of Melatonin in the Reduction of Oxidative Stress

et al. 2000

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“…Several of these have been shown to be stimulated by melatonin. Thus, melatonin has been found to promote the activity of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), a major enzyme involved in the removal of H 2 O 2 and hydroperoxides from cells [29,30]; in doing so, it reduces the formation of the highly toxic W OH.…”

Section: Melatonin and Antioxidant Defensementioning

confidence: 99%

The Oxidant/Antioxidant Network: Role of Melatonin

et al. 1999

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Melatonin is now known to be a multifaceted free radical scavenger and antioxidant. It detoxifies a variety of free radicals and reactive oxygen intermediates including the hydroxyl radical, peroxynitrite anion, singlet oxygen and nitric oxide. Additionally, it reportedly stimulates several antioxidative enzymes including glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and superoxide dismutase; conversely, it inhibits a prooxidative enzyme, nitric oxide synthase. Melatonin also crosses all morphophysiological barriers, e.g., the blood-brain barrier, placenta, and distributes throughout the cell; these features increase the efficacy of melatonin as an antioxidant. Melatonin has been shown to markedly protect both membrane lipids and nuclear DNA from oxidative damage. In every experimental model in which melatonin has been tested, it has been found to resist macromolecular damage and the associated dysfunction associated with free radicals.

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“…These findings raise the possibility that melatonin, although an effective gastroprotective agent individually, may function even better when used in conjunction with ranitidine or omeprazole. Melatonin likely exerts its gastroprotective effects through direct and indirect antioxidant activities [36][37][38] . Accordingly, our results demonstrate that melatonin treatment decreased intestinal mucosal oxidative injury induced by diclofenac.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A protective effect of melatonin on intestinal permeability is induced by diclofenac via regulation of mitochondrial function in mice

Qiao

Diao

et al. 2011

Acta Pharmacol Sin

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Aim: This study investigated the effect of intragastrically administered melatonin on intestinal mucosal permeability induced by diclofenac in mice. Methods: Intestinal mucosal permeability was induced in mice by intragastric administration of diclofenac (2.5 mg/kg). Melatonin was given intragastrically (10 mg/kg) once per day for 3 d after diclofenac administration. The small intestine was examined macroscopically and microscopically for pathologic injury to the intestinal mucosa. Intestinal mucosal permeability was evaluated by Evans blue and FITC-dextran methods. Mitochondrial functional parameters, including mitochondrial membrane potential, mitochondrial ATPase and succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) activity, were assessed. The malondialdehyde (MDA) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) levels were determined from small intestinal mucosal homogenates. Results: As compared with control mice, the permeability, pathologic score, MDA and MPO levels and ulceration of the intestinal mucosa were increased significantly by diclofenac treatment, and a broadened junctional complex and enlarged intercellular space were observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Melatonin treatment significantly reduced the intestinal mucosal permeability, pathologic score, MDA, and MPO levels and ulceration of the intestinal mucosa. By TEM, the small intestine villus morphology and intercellular spaces were nearly normal in melatonin-treated mice. At the level of the mitochondria, melatonin treatment significantly restored the activities of ATPase and SDH. Conclusion: The intestinal damage and increased intestinal permeability induced by diclofenac in mice was limited by melatonin; moreover, melatonin preserved several aspects of mitochondrial function.

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Rhythms of glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase in brain of chick and their inhibition by light

Cited by 196 publications

References 28 publications

Actions of Melatonin in the Reduction of Oxidative Stress

Actions of Melatonin in the Reduction of Oxidative Stress

The Oxidant/Antioxidant Network: Role of Melatonin

A protective effect of melatonin on intestinal permeability is induced by diclofenac via regulation of mitochondrial function in mice

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