“…Observations of ingredient composition (Table 1) indicate that croissant, brioche, rye bread, butter cake and short biscuit contained either a high level of fat and/or sugar. It is widely known that changing the food matrix composition and manufacturing conditions of complex food systems such as breads, cakes and biscuits will influence the perception of the sensory characteristics (Abdallah, Chabert, Le Roux, & Louis-Sylvestre, 1998;Baardseth, Naes, & Vogt, 1995;Brauss, Balders, Linforth, Avison, & Taylor, 1999;Cardello & Schutz, 2003;Hebeda & Zobel, 1996;Heinio, Urala, Vainionpaa, Poutanen, & Tuorila, 1997). Abdallah et al (1998) showed that the level of fat and sugar in biscuits and cakes enhanced flavour intensity, which in turn was very closely related to pleasantness perceptions.…”