Safety assessment of antibiotic and probiotic feed additives for Gallus gallus domesticus

Abstract

Antibiotics in feed select for resistant strains and is thus a threat to human health. In this study, the effect of a multi-strain probiotic and antibiotics on the growth and health of broilers was studied. Equal numbers of broilers received on a daily basis either a multi-strain probiotic or a combination of sulphadiazine, colistin and trimethoprim, whereas the control group received standard feed. The villi of immature broilers (19 days old) administered antibiotics had a larger surface area and their lymphocyte and basophil counts were higher compared to broilers from the probiotic and control groups. The cecal microbiomes of mature broilers (29 days old) that received probiotics had higher levels of Enterobacteriaceae, but lower numbers of Clostridiales, Brucellaceae, Synergistaceae, Erysipelotrichaceae and Coriobacteriaceae compared to the antibiotic-treated group. A decline in the bioluminescence of Listeria monocytogenes observed for broilers on probiotics suggested that the probiotic may be used to control bacterial infections. No significant differences in total red blood cell, haemoglobin and haematocrit content, and mean values for corpuscular volume, corpuscular haemoglobin and corpuscular haemoglobin numbers were recorded amongst broilers from the different treatment groups. This study provides valuable information on the health and performance of broilers when administered probiotics and antibiotics as additives.

Effects of Indigenous Spore-Forming Probiotic as Feed Supplement on Performance and Safety in Broilers

“…probiotics that lead to increase in relative lymphoid organ weights (such as spleen). This assumption is supported by report of Neveling et al (2017), who reported higher lymphocytes level in birds after dietary supplementation with probiotics.…”

“…Deng et al (2012) also found that dietary Bacillus licheniformis increased villus height in the ileum under heat stress conditions. It is showed that the digestive function of the intestine is related to villi structure and mucosal architecture, which influence absorptive capacity (Sen et al, 2012;Neveling et al, 2017). Moreover, probiotics by shortchain organic acids formation stimulate the proliferation of epithelial cells and lead to increased villus height (Ichikawa et al, 1999).…”

Effects of Lactobacillus plantarum on intestinal integrity and immune responses of egg-laying chickens infected with Clostridium perfringens under the free-range or the specific pathogen free environment

“…Free-range environment can improve egg laying performance, promote feeding activities of chickens, and improve animal welfare. Specific pathogen free (SPF) animals were introduced in the 1960s to reduce disease or infection as a variable not required in their experiments [28]. Today, the overall strategy for most livestock industries is to incubate animals that do not contain infectious agents from sterile livestock or cesarean delivery aseptic techniques for experimental animal models of various diseases [11].…”

Human gut microbiota evaluation and comparation after the separate or combined antibiotics exposure using the simulator of human intestinal microbial ecosystem (SHIME)

“…All the above might be explained by our ndings that the human disease-related pathways, including cancer, drug resistance, endocrine, and metabolic diseases, infectious diseases were more abundant in the AMX treatment group. Similarly, POL suggested the effect of immune responses and induce disease incidence, including insulin-dependent diabetes, diarrhea, bacterial infections, and translocation using animal models [58][59][60][61][62].…”