of textile materials from ancient times to the present, and then to the future is shown in Figure 1, indicating that typical textile materials that can highlight the characteristics of the times have experienced the transformation from natural fiber, artificial/synthetic fiber, reinforced fiber, functional fiber, conductive fiber, and then to smart fiber. Accordingly, the primary purposes or service demands of textile materials have also changed imperceptibly from the aspects of covering, warmth preservation, protection, beauty, security, comfort, health, interaction, and intelligence. On these grounds, it can be found that with the advances of Internetof-Things and artificial intelligences, textile materials are no longer limited to the traditional functions of protection, warm-keeping, and aesthetic, but should be given more smart or intelligent attributes, such as energy harvesting, [1][2][3] energy storage, [4,5] autonomous response, [6,7] information interaction, [8,9] data transmission, [10,11] light emitting, [12,13] color changing, [14] shape memory, [15] thermal regulation, [16,17] selfhealing, [18a] self-adaption, [19] etc. In addition, considering that human oriented wearable electronics will be highly integrated and miniaturized, completely safe and comfortable, and fully portable in the future, it is also expected to design various functional electronics directly into textile structures, such as fibers, yarns or fabrics. [20,21] At present, a variety of functional attributes have been well integrated with textile materials, mainly including energy, [3,4,12,22] sensing, [8,10,23,24] comfort, [16,25a,26,27] and protection, [19,[28][29][30] which endows this kind of traditional necessity of life with new development vitality (Figure 2). In particular, through the seamless combination of electrical functionalities and textile elements, a new type of textiles, namely smart textiles, have been developed, which can perceive, react and adapt to environmental stimuli, including machinery, magnetism, heat, electricity, light, chemistry, biology, and others. [31][32][33][34][35] It can be predicted that the realization of highperformance electrical function and comfortable to wear is the unremitting pursuit goal of the next generation of smart textiles.It is noteworthy that the effective operation of most additional functions in smart textiles depends on sustained and stable energy sources. In other words, we need reliable, compact but high-performance electricity supply systems to power emergingThe seamless integration of emerging triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) technology with traditional wearable textile materials has given birth to the next-generation smart textiles, i.e., textile TENGs, which will play a vital role in the era of Internet of Things and artificial intelligences. However, low output power and inferior sensing ability have largely limited the development of textile TENGs. Among various approaches to improve the output and sensing performance, such as material modification, structural des...