Scientific Opinion on the safety of “coriander seed oil” as a Novel Food ingredient

Abstract

Following a request from the European Commission, the EFSA Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition and Allergies (NDA) was asked to deliver a scientific opinion on "coriander seed oil (CSO)" as a novel food ingredient (NFI) in the context of Regulation (EC) No 258/97. Petroselinic acid (PA) is the major fatty acid in CSO. Conventional edible oil technologies are used to manufacture the NFI. The NFI is intended to be marketed as a food supplement for healthy adults, at a maximum level of 600 mg per day (i.e. 8.6 mg/kg bw per day for a 70 kg person), which would lead to significantly higher intakes of CSO and PA than current background intakes. There are no safety concerns regarding genotoxicity. In rats fed high amounts of CSO, increased liver weight, marked to severe fat infiltration in the liver, and lower tissue arachidonic acid concentrations were observed. In the same study, similar affects were observed when feeding other vegetable oils, although not as severe as that seen for CSO. The dose level of CSO was more than a thousand fold higher than the proposed use level. In a subchronic study using 150, 450 or 1 000 mg/kg bw per day of CSO, a treatment-related effect was observed on blood glucose concentrations of male rats. Although this effect was not accompanied by any toxicological findings, its biological relevance is unclear and therefore the Panel considers the dose level of 450 mg/kg bw per day to be the NOAEL in rats. This is more than 50 fold higher than the proposed use level. No treatment-related adverse effect was observed in one human study using the NFI at the proposed use level for six months. The Panel concludes that the novel food ingredient, CSO, is safe under the proposed uses and use levels. SUMMARYFollowing a request from the European Commission, the EFSA Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition and Allergies (NDA) was asked to deliver a scientific opinion on "coriander seed oil" as a novel food ingredient in the context of Regulation (EC) No 258/97, taking into account the comments and objections of a scientific nature raised by Member States.Coriander seed oil is a triglyceride oil, in which the monounsaturated fatty acid petroselinic acid is the main fatty acid (60-75 % of coriander seed oil). The novel food ingredient (NFI) also contains small quantities of other fatty acids such as linoleic acid, oleic acid, palmitic acid and stearic acid. The NFI is manufactured from seeds of Coriandrum sativum L. using conventional edible oil technologies. The applicant provided sufficient information regarding the composition, specification, manufacture and stability of the NFI.Coriander seed oil is intended to be marketed as a food supplement for healthy adults, at a maximum level of 600 mg per day. At this use level, the intake of coriander seed oil from the NFI is estimated to be about 30-40 times higher than estimated current mean background intake of coriander seed oil, while the intake of petroselinic acid is estimated to be about 15 times higher than the intake coming from estimated cur...

Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) essential oil: Chemistry and biological activity

“…Freires et al [34] demonstrated through pharmacogenomic analysis that the CLEO and its selected active fraction had low cytotoxicity on human cells. The CSEO (16 mg/plate) was tested negative for mutagenicity in the absence and presence of metabolic activation among the S. typhimurium strains tested [9]. In the evaluation of plant extract toxicity by the brine shrimp bioassay, the partial lethal concentration (LC 50 ) value of <1000 mg/mL has been considered bioactive [46] ; Soares et al [35] demonstrated that the C. sativum fruit EO had LC 50 value of 23 mg/mL.…”

“…The CSEO is intended to be marketed as a food supplement for healthy adults, at a maximum level of 600 mg per day [9] . The seeds are rich source of lipids, 28.4% of the total seed weight, which may be of great importance in the food industry [6].…”

Seed Oil from Mediterranean Aromatic and Medicinal Plants of the Lamiaceae Family as a Source of Bioactive Components with Nutritional

“…Subsequently, in 2014, the marketing of chia oil was authorized [16]. Other example includes coriander seed oil (Coriandrum sativum), with a richness in monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) of 68-90% that is attributable mainly to its content of petroselinic acid (60-75%) (18:1 n-6) [17].…”

Дослідження Технологічних Та Фізико-Хімічних Властивостей Жирної Коріандрової Олії У Процесі Рафінації

“…ЖКО, як побі-чний продукт виробництва ефірної коріандрової олії, застосовується у промислових виробництвах при виго-товленні мастильних матеріалів [7]. У роботі [8] було науково обґрунтовано безпечне вживання ЖКО в яко-сті нового харчового інгредієнту в раціоні людини. Однак нерафінована ЖКО має специфічний аромат та смак.…”