Self-rumination, self-reflection, and depression: Self-rumination counteracts the adaptive effect of self-reflection

Takano, Keisuke; Tanno, Yoshihiko

doi:10.1016/j.brat.2008.12.008

Cited by 233 publications

(222 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Bu iki değişken arasındaki ilişkinin birlikte ele alındığı yeterli araştırma olmamasına rağmen çözüm odaklı düşünme geliştikçe bireylerin empati becerilerinin de artığına dair bir bulguya rastlanmıştır (Seagram, 1997). Takano & Tanno (2009)'a göre problem odaklı düşünme, hatalı problem çözme eğilimini artırır. Buna bağlı olarak, ilişkilerde de probleme odaklanan kişi karşıdaki kişinin duygu ve düşüncelerini gözden kaçırabilir.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Solution focused thinking in education faculty students<p>Eğitim fakültesi öğrencilerinde çözüm odaklı düşünme ve empati

2017

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This research was conducted to examine the solution-focused thinking and empathy levels of the faculty of education students. The study group consists of 253 students (184 females, 69 males). Findings show that there is a significant relationship between the solution-focused thinking (problem disengagement, resource activation, goal-orientation) and empathy levels (social skills, emotional reactivity, cognitive empathy) of the students. On the other hand, significant differences are found in the solution-focused thinking and empathy levels of the students in accordance with the gender and study field variables. Finally, the findings show that resource activation and goalorientation, as sub-dimensions of solutionfocused thinking, are significant predictors of empathy levels of students.Keywords: Solution focused thinking; education faculty; gender; field. (Extended English abstract is at the end of this document) ÖzetBu araştırma eğitim fakültesi öğrencilerinin çözüm odaklı düşünme ve empati düzeylerini incelemek amacıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışma grubunu 253 (184 kız; 69 erkek) öğrenci oluşturmuştur.Elde edilen bulgular, öğrencilerin çözüm odaklı düşünme (problemden ayırma, kaynakları harekete geçirme, hedefe yönelim) ve empati düzeyleri (sosyal beceriler, duygusal tepki, bilişsel empati) arasında anlamlı ilişki olduğunu göstermiştir. Diğer yandan, öğrencilerin, çözüm odaklı düşünme ve empati düzeylerinde cinsiyet ve alan değişkenine göre anlamlı farklar bulunmuştur. Son olarak elde edilen bulgular, çözüm odaklı düşünmenin alt boyutlarından kaynakları harekete geçirme ve hedefe yönelim'in öğrencilerin empati düzeylerinin anlamlı yordayıcıları olduğunu göstermiştir.

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Section: Discussionunclassified

Solution focused thinking in education faculty students<p>Eğitim fakültesi öğrencilerinde çözüm odaklı düşünme ve empati

2017

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“…However, we could speculate that, in a subject with an adequate sense of reality, high selfconfidence might indicate a realistic understanding of facts and events, thus expressing healthy mental functioning and good psycho-social adjustment (Schwarzer, 1994;Leganger, Kraft & Roysamb, 2000;Luszczynska, Gutierrez-Dona, & Schwarzer, 2005). On the other side, higher SR might indicate greater uncertainty or even the tendency to ruminate excessively (Takano & Tanno, 2009), with following negative effects on quality of life and cognitive performances (Watkins & Brown, 2002;Deyo, Wilson, Ong, & C, 2009;Soo, Burney, & Basten, 2009). This issue is relevant for determining whether the construct of cognitive insight has the same valence in HP as in patients diagnosed with schizophrenia or other mental disorders.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The neuropsychological correlates of cognitive insight in healthy participants

Orfei

Caltagirone

Cacciari

et al. 2011

Applied Cognitive Psychology

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Cognitive insight is the ability to monitor and correct one's own erroneous convictions. The Beck Cognitive Insight Scale (BCIS) assesses two sub-dimensions of cognitive insight: self-reflectiveness (SR), which is the attitude of questioning one's own judgments; and self-certainty (SC), which is the unwillingness to modify and correct one's own convictions. There is little information about cognitive insight in healthy participants (HP). Here we investigated the socio-demographic and neuropsychological correlates of cognitive insight in 50 HP who were administered the BCIS and a comprehensive neuropsychological battery. The global BCIS R-C index correlated positively with age and WCST perseverative errors. SR correlated positively with age. These data support the hypothesis that a less self-reflective and more self-confident style is cognitively functional in HP. Thus, what has been found malfunctioning in mental illnesses is adaptive in HP. Future studies should consider a wider range of factors that might affect this complex construct.

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“…Intuitively, reflection appears to embody a reasoning process whereby evidence is assessed objectively. In accord with this conceptualisation, some studies have found that reflection does seem to include a potentially adaptive process which is focused on understanding the causes of problems in a way which is distanced from negative emotions Jones et al 2009;Kross et al 2005;Takano and Tanno 2009). Similarly, from a cognitive perspective, some work indicates that brooding, but not reflection, is associated with attentional impairments (Daches et al 2010) and over-general memories (Debeer et al 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Perceived Extent and Effectiveness of Reflection and Brooding in Relation to Depressed Mood

2011

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The goal of this study was to determine whether the perceived effectiveness of two components of rumination, namely reflection and brooding, would differ, and whether these perceptions would interact with the extent that reflection and brooding were personally experienced, to predict depressed mood states. Participants completed measures of depressed mood, rumination, and measures of the personal and general effectiveness of rumination. Brooding was perceived to be less personally and generally effective compared to reflection. Depressed moods were predicted by high levels of brooding irrespective of effectiveness perceptions. High levels of reflection predicted depressed mood scores when the general effectiveness of reflection was perceived to be low. From a therapeutic perspective, these results suggest that brooding should be targeted irrespective of beliefs about the effectiveness of brooding but interventions designed to attenuate reflection should do so in the context of an individual's beliefs about its general effectiveness.

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Self-rumination, self-reflection, and depression: Self-rumination counteracts the adaptive effect of self-reflection

Cited by 233 publications

References 34 publications

Solution focused thinking in education faculty students<p>Eğitim fakültesi öğrencilerinde çözüm odaklı düşünme ve empati

Solution focused thinking in education faculty students<p>Eğitim fakültesi öğrencilerinde çözüm odaklı düşünme ve empati

The neuropsychological correlates of cognitive insight in healthy participants

Perceived Extent and Effectiveness of Reflection and Brooding in Relation to Depressed Mood

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