Sensitivity Improvement of a Surface Plasmon Resonance Sensor Based on Two-Dimensional Materials Hybrid Structure in Visible Region: A Theoretical Study

Abstract

In this paper, we propose a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensor based on two-dimensional (2D) materials (graphene, MoS2, WS2 and WSe2) hybrid structure, and theoretically investigate its sensitivity improvement in the visible region. The thickness of metal (Au, Ag or Cu) and the layer number of each 2D material are optimized using genetic algorithms to obtain the highest sensitivity for a specific wavelength of incident light. Then, the sensitivities of proposed SPR sensors with different metal films at various wavelengths are compared. An Ag-based SPR sensor exhibits a higher sensitivity than an Au- or Cu-based one at most wavelengths in the visible region. In addition, the sensitivity of the proposed SPR sensor varies obviously with the wavelength of incident light, and shows a maximum value of 159, 194 or 155°/RIU for Au, Ag or Cu, respectively. It is demonstrated that the sensitivity of the SPR sensor based on 2D materials’ hybrid structure can be further improved by optimizing the wavelength of incident light.

2D Nanomaterial-Based Hybrid Structured (Au-WSe2-PtSe2-BP) Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) Sensor With Improved Performance

“…Their study shows that applying PtSe2 over Ag and Au can improve the sensitivity of the sensor up to 162 deg/RIU and 165 deg/RIU, respectively. Furthermore, some hybrid configurations using multiple 2D materials like WS2graphene [16], MoS2-WS2-WSe2 [17] have been proposed for improving performance of the sensor. Li et al [18] presented black phosphorene (BP) as a strong competitor to graphene with its excellent opto-electric properties, high carrier mobility and direct bandgap [19].…”

High-Sensitivity PtSe2 Surface Plasmon Resonance Biosensor Based on Metal-Si-Metal Waveguide Structure

“…Transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) are incrementally applied in biosensors for their excellent optical, electrical and mechanical properties [ 16 ]. Moreover, it can form heterostructures with other 2D materials to further enhance the detection performance of biosensors [ 17 , 18 ]. Among them, platinum diselenide (PtSe 2 ) which is group-10 2D TMDs has adjustable band gap from 0 eV (bulk) to 1.2 eV (monolayer) [ 19 , 20 ].…”

Near-infrared tunable surface plasmon resonance sensors based on graphene plasmons via electrostatic gating control

“…Graphene-on-gold structure was firstly considered and the sensitivity enhancing was demonstrated theoretically. 2 To further enhance the sensitivity, some more complex heterostructures such as graphene–Si–metal, 3 graphene–MoS 2 –metal, 4–6 graphene–WS 2 –metal, 7 graphene–black phosphorus–metal, 8 WSe 2 –WS 2 –MoS 2 –graphene–metal, 9 etc. , were also considered.…”