Serum Adiponectin Helps to Differentiate Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes Among Young Asian Indians

Abstract

Objective: This study assessed whether serum adiponectin could be used as a biochemical marker to differentiate type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) from type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) among young Asian Indians. Research Design and Methods: We recruited age-and sex-matched individuals with physician-diagnosed T1DM (n = 70) and T2DM (n = 72). All were 12-27 years of age with a duration of diabetes of >2 years, at a large tertiary-care diabetes center in Chennai, southern India. Age-and sex-matched individuals with normal glucose tolerance (NGT) (n = 68) were selected from an ongoing population study. NGT was defined using World Health Organization criteria. Serum total adiponectin was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to identify adiponectin cut points for discriminating T1DM from T2DM. Results: Adiponectin levels were higher in T1DM and lower in T2DM compared with the NGT group (9.89, 3.88, and 6.84 lg/ mL, respectively; P < 0.001). In standardized polytomous regression models, adiponectin was associated with T1DM (odds ratio [OR] = 1.131 per SD; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.025-1.249) and T2DM (OR = 0.628 per SD; 95% CI, 0.504-0.721) controlled for age, gender, waist circumference, body mass index, hypertension, glycated hemoglobin, total cholesterol, serum triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, family history of T2DM, and estimated glomerular filtration rate. Using ROC analysis, an adiponectin cut point of 5.1 lg/mL had a C statistic of 0.886 (95% CI, 0.836-0.953), sensitivity of 80.6%, and specificity of 80.6% to differentiate T1DM from T2DM. Using the 5.1 lg/mL cut point, 80.6% of T1DM and 81.8% of T2DM would be correctly classified. Conclusions: Serum adiponectin is a useful biochemical marker for differentiating T1DM and T2DM among young Asian Indians.

Role of Adiponectin and Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha in the Pathogenesis and Evolution of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus in Children and Adolescents

“…On the other hand, serum adiponectin was higher in T1DM and lower in T2DM, as compared to the group of subjects with normal glucose tolerance, so an adiponectin cut point of 5.1 µg/mL may be a useful tool for differentiating T1DM and T2DM, which is necessary for optimum treatment [ 27 ].…”

Study of Circulating Adiponectin Level in Children with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus in Najran-KSA

“…In study that carried out in vitro showed that the adiponectin secretion was stimulated by insulin via phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase pathway [19] this signaling pathway stimulate both production and secretion of adiponectin hormone [20]. Several studies showed that higher serum adiponectin levels was reported in T1DM patients, specially patients surfing from diabetes complication like vascular complications or nephropathy [21]. The increased adiponectin concentration in patients with T1DM can interpreted as a response to posttranslational modifications (glycosylation) that exist in T1DM patients [22], decreased excretion due to renal failure [23], vascular injury [5], and impact of subcutaneous insulin therapy [24].…”

Metformin in combination with rosiglitazone contribute to the increased serum adiponectin levels in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus

“…Adiponectin may be capable of modulating the processes of lipid metabolism and regulating glucose ( 10 ). Abundant previous evidence has shown that the lack or dysfunction of adiponectin was proved to be intensely correlated with insulin resistance due to its characteristic as an insulin-sensitizing hormone ( 11 , 12 ).…”