Severe bilateral necrotising retinitis caused by Toxoplasma gondii in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus and diabetes mellitus

Yamamoto, Jiro; Boletti, D I; Nakashima, Yoshikazu; Hirata, Chizuko; Olivalves, Edilberto; Shinzato, Marcia Midori; Okay, Thelma Suely; Santo, Ruth Miyuki; Duarte, Margarita; Kalil, Jorge

doi:10.1136/bjo.87.5.651

Cited by 12 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Severe myocarditis was found in 1 patient (Nobre et al 2003). Ocular toxoplasmosis has been reported in 4-8% of AIDS patients (Rehder et al 1988;Muccioli et al 1994;Matos et al 1999;Arruda et al 2004;Zajdenweber et al 2005;Alves et al 2010a, b), including a 13month-old child (Moraes, 1999).…”

Section: Post-natal Toxoplasmosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxoplasmosis in humans and animals in Brazil: high prevalence, high burden of disease, and epidemiology

et al. 2012

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SUMMARYInfections by the protozoan parasiteToxoplasma gondiiare widely prevalent in humans and animals in Brazil. The burden of clinical toxoplasmosis in humans is considered to be very high. The high prevalence and encouragement of the Brazilian Government provides a unique opportunity for international groups to study the epidemiology and control of toxoplasmosis in Brazil. Many early papers on toxoplasmosis in Brazil were published in Portuguese and often not available to scientists in English-speaking countries. In the present paper we review prevalence, clinical spectrum, molecular epidemiology, and control ofT. gondiiin humans and animals in Brazil. This knowledge should be useful to biologists, public health workers, veterinarians, and physicians. Brazil has a very high rate ofT. gondiiinfection in humans. Up to 50% of elementary school children and 50–80% of women of child-bearing age have antibodies toT. gondii. The risks for uninfected women to acquire toxoplasmosis during pregnancy and fetal transmission are high because the environment is highly contaminated with oocysts. The burden of toxoplasmosis in congenitally infected children is also very high. From limited data on screening of infants forT. gondiiIgM at birth, 5–23 children are born infected per 10 000 live births in Brazil. Based on an estimate of 1 infected child per 1000 births, 2649 children with congenital toxoplasmosis are likely to be born annually in Brazil. Most of these infected children are likely to develop symptoms or signs of clinical toxoplasmosis. Among the congenitally infected children whose clinical data are described in this review, several died soon after birth, 35% had neurological disease including hydrocephalus, microcephaly and mental retardation, 80% had ocular lesions, and in one report 40% of children had hearing loss. The severity of clinical toxoplasmosis in Brazilian children may be associated with the genetic characteristics ofT. gondiiisolates prevailing in animals and humans in Brazil.

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Section: Post-natal Toxoplasmosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxoplasmosis in humans and animals in Brazil: high prevalence, high burden of disease, and epidemiology

et al. 2012

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“…We analyzed at least 10 areas for alveoli and 5 fields for BALT [13], all were chosen randomly after morphological verification of the presence of available structure.…”

Section: Quantitative In Situ Immune Response Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Viral antigens were detected using a direct monoclonal antibody against N protein, a cytoplasmic antigen from MV (MAB8906/Chemicon), in the same protocol of streptavidin-biotin peroxidase revealing system. Ultrastructural analysis was performed in araldite-embedded glutaraldehyde fixed lungs recovered from paraffin blocks counterstained with osmium tetroxide as described elsewhere [13]. Ultrathin sections were analyzed in ZEISS electronic microscopy, targeting intranuclear nucleocapsid viral inclusions.…”

Section: Immunohistochemistry and Electron Microscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

Lung involvement in childhood measles: severe immune dysfunction revealed by quantitative immunohistochemistry

et al. 2007

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“…Toxoplasmosis in diabetic patients may occur due to recently acquired acute infection or they may suffer from dissemination of reactivated latent infection (Montoya et al 2001). However, studies of toxoplasmosis in diabetic patients are scanty (Cavallazzi 1985 andYamamoto et al 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii among a group of Egyptian patients with type I diabetes mellitus

et al. 2019

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Background: Toxoplasmosis is probably one of the most common parasitic infections of humans. While infection of healthy adults is usually relatively mild, serious disease can result in utero or when the host is immunocompromised. Toxoplasmosis in diabetic patients may occur due to recently acquired acute infection or they may suffer from dissemination of reactivated latent infection. In the present study, the antinuclear antibody prevalence was tested to determine the possible relationship with Toxoplasma seroprevalence and clinical findings in type I diabetic patients. Methods: Toxoplasma gondii antibodies were tested serologically in 60 patients of type I diabetes mellitus and 60 controls using ELISA technique. Results: The seropositivity for anti-Toxoplasma IgG antibodies in the study groups was 45% in type I diabetes mellitus patients (group 1) and 23.3% in the control (group 2) with p value = 0.012 showing a statistically significant difference between groups, while only three patients of diabetes type1 group were positive for anti-Toxoplasma IgM with p value = 0.244 showing no statistically significant differences between the two groups. Results showed that only one patient of diabetes type 1 (group1) had positive ANA and one control (group2) had positive ANA. Thus, no correlation could be detected from such results. Conclusion: The study results showed a statistically significantly higher proportion (45%) of seropositivity anti-Toxoplasma IgG antibodies among type I diabetes mellitus patients compared to 23.3% among the control group, while there was no association could be detected between the studied groups regarding the ANA.

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Severe bilateral necrotising retinitis caused by Toxoplasma gondii in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus and diabetes mellitus

Cited by 12 publications

References 11 publications

Toxoplasmosis in humans and animals in Brazil: high prevalence, high burden of disease, and epidemiology

Toxoplasmosis in humans and animals in Brazil: high prevalence, high burden of disease, and epidemiology

Lung involvement in childhood measles: severe immune dysfunction revealed by quantitative immunohistochemistry

Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii among a group of Egyptian patients with type I diabetes mellitus

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