Short communication: Persistent socio‐economic inequality in frequent headache among Danish adolescents from 1991 to 2014

Andersen, Anette; Denbæk, Anne Maj; Johansen, Anette; Michelsen, Susan Ishøy; Due, Pernille

doi:10.1002/ejp.1179

Cited by 12 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…In view of the significant gender differences in pain prevalence, researchers have suggested that gender may be an explanatory factor for pain [ 2 , 3 , 14 , 34 ]. It has been suggested that gender differences in pain prevalence may be explained by the interaction of different factors such as; biological factors, including hormones, psychological factors, such as anxiety and negative affect, and sociocultural factors, including gender role expectations of pain [ 35 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations between pain, self-efficacy, sleep duration, and symptoms of depression in adolescents: a cross-sectional survey

Haraldstad

Stea

2021

BMC Public Health

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Background Although pain has been identified as an important public health problem among adolescents, few studies have investigated possible protective and risk factors for pain. The main aim of the present study was to investigate associations between prevalence of daily pain, self-efficacy, sleep duration, and symptoms of depression in a representative sample of Norwegian adolescents. Methods A comprehensive cross-sectional survey was completed by 12,867 junior high school students and high school students (response rate: 90%) aged 14–19 years. Logistic regression models were adjusted for age, gender, and parental educational level. Results We found a high prevalence of daily pain among adolescents, especially among girls (19%) compared with boys (7%). Short sleep duration was associated with increased odds ratios (ORs) of pain in the shoulders/neck (OR 1.3; 95% CI 1.3–2.0) and stomach (1.7; 1.2–2.4). Symptoms of depression were associated with increased ORs for all measured types of daily pain, including head (3.7; 3.0–4.6), shoulders/neck (3.9; 3.1–4.8), joints/muscles (4.3; 3.3–5.6), and stomach (5.5; 4.1–7.4). By contrast, self-efficacy was not associated with any form of daily pain. Conclusion Given the burden of pain, high incidence of pain problems, and strong association between pain and depression and, to some degree, short sleep duration, co-occurring symptoms may be an important area for research in the public health field. The results highlight the importance of early identification and prevention. Longitudinal studies are needed to understand better pain problems and their underlying mechanisms with the aim of developing targeted interventions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations between pain, self-efficacy, sleep duration, and symptoms of depression in adolescents: a cross-sectional survey

Haraldstad

Stea

2021

BMC Public Health

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“…In Denmark, the correlation of economic inequality and frequent headache was investigated in 31,102 adolescents of 11 to 15 years between 1991 and 2014 [22]. Overall, 10.4% of adolescents reported frequent headache.…”

Section: Recent Studies On Headache Prevalencementioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology of Headache in Children and Adolescents—Another Type of Pandemia

Nieswand

Richter

Goßrau

2020

Curr Pain Headache Rep

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Purpose of Review Headaches are not only responsible for restrictions in everyday life in adults. In children and adolescents, regular headaches lead also to reduced life quality and limitations in the social sphere, in school education, and in professional careers. Here, we provide an overview on the frequency of headache in children and adolescents with the aim of increasing awareness about this particular health issue. Recent Findings Overall, headache prevalence in children and adolescents has been increasing in recent years. From various regions worldwide, data describing headache, its forms, and consequences are growing. In addition, factors frequently correlated with headache are repeatedly investigated and named: besides genetic factors, psychosocial and behavioral factors are linked to the prevalence of headache. Summary Increasing evidence indicates that headache is underestimated as a common disorder in children and adolescents. Accordingly, too little emphasis is placed by society on its prevention and treatment. Thus, the extent of the social and health economic burden of frequent headaches in children and adolescents needs to be better illustrated, worldwide. Furthermore, the data collected in this review should support the efforts to improve outpatient therapy paths for young headache patients. Factors correlating with headache in pupils can draw our attention to unmet needs of these patients and allow physicians to derive important therapy contents from this data.

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“…Previous studies have shown that headache prevalence increases as socioeconomic status decreases 28,29 . This pattern is common to many diseases and a higher socioeconomic status is thought to be protective of headache [30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38] . We found no indication that being headache free is more prevalent in persons with higher socioeconomic status, high income, higher level of education or employment status.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and socio-demographic characteristics of persons who have never had a headache among healthy voluntary blood donors – a population-based study

et al. 2020

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Introduction Headache is an extremely prevalent disorder with a lifetime prevalence of 90–99%. However, a small fraction of people never experiences a headache. Research on people without headache could uncover protective factors in headache, but to our knowledge no study on headache-free individuals has been published. We aim to estimate the prevalence of headache-free individuals among Danish blood donors, and to describe the socio-demographics and health factors of headache-free participants. Materials and methods In all, 38,557 healthy volunteers were recruited as part of the Danish Blood Donor Study. Headache-free participants were identified based on the question “Have you ever experienced a headache of any kind?”. Utilising the Danish registries and self-reported questionnaires, we analysed socio-demographic and lifestyle factors using logistic regression adjusted for age and sex. Results The prevalence of headache-free individuals was 4.1% (n = 1362) with a female-male ratio of 1:2.2. To be headache free was significantly associated with an employment status as a student, a low level of income and a regular alcohol consumption. Discussion The prevalence of headache-free individuals was comparable to population-wide studies of headache. To be headache free was not associated with a high socio-economic status. Further studies on people without headache will hopefully reveal protective factors in headache, and this novel approach might be useful in other very prevalent disorders.

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Short communication: Persistent socio‐economic inequality in frequent headache among Danish adolescents from 1991 to 2014

Abstract: The prevalence of frequent headache among adolescents increases with decreasing SES. This socio-economic inequality has been persistent among adolescents in Denmark from 1991 to 2014. Clinicians should be aware of this social inequality.

Cited by 12 publications

References 28 publications

Associations between pain, self-efficacy, sleep duration, and symptoms of depression in adolescents: a cross-sectional survey

Associations between pain, self-efficacy, sleep duration, and symptoms of depression in adolescents: a cross-sectional survey

Epidemiology of Headache in Children and Adolescents—Another Type of Pandemia

Prevalence and socio-demographic characteristics of persons who have never had a headache among healthy voluntary blood donors – a population-based study

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