Capacitive biosensors are promising tools towards detection of bacterial cells. However, their sensitivity remains insufficient compared to more conventional techniques. To understand how to optimize it, we propose a complete and quantitative analysis of the sensitivity of capacitive biosensors using a previously developed 2D numerical simulator based on Poisson-Nernst-Planck equations. All key parameters of the electrolyte, bacterial cell and electrode design are investigated, studied and optimized. For each, an analytical expression relating the sensitivity to the parameter of interest is given. The guidelines and design tools, provided throughout the manuscript for the designer of capacitive biosensors, are eventually demonstrated by improving the sensitivity of our device under test by a factor of 4. Discussions based on experimental values and analytical models is provided throughout this paper.Index Terms-Bacterial detection, AC impedance spectroscopy, CMOS interdigital capacitor modeling, Metal-Insulator-Electrolyte (MIE), electrical double layer, planar electrodes 1530-437X (c)