Silver nanoparticle induced cytotoxicity, oxidative stress, and DNA damage in CHO cells

Molecular toxicity mechanism of nanosilver

“…Oxidative stress occurs when generation of ROS exceeds the capacity of the cellular anti-oxidant defense system. Depletion of glutathione and protein bound sulfhydryl groups and changes in the activity of various antioxidant enzymes indicative of lipid peroxidation have been implicated in oxidative damage (17, 19, 20, 24, 82–85). An important toxicity mechanism for nanosilver is the interaction of both the ionic and nano-form of silver with sulfur containing macromolecules such as proteins due to silver’s strong affinity for sulfur (38, 55, 62, 64, 67, 71, 86–93).…”

“…People applying nanosilver developed bluish-colored skin. Other studies have widely investigated toxicities such as oxidative damages in cellular systems (17–26). In the last 10 years, particularly the last three years, a great number of articles have been published to understand various aspects of the toxicity of nanosilver.…”

Cells-on-chip based transducer platform for probing toxicity of metal nanoparticles

“…The results suggest that the increase in concentration of NPs (ranging 0.2-0.8 g/ml) also affected the cells that increased the severely of cellular toxicity of NPs. Such effects normally occur due to accumulation of NPs or transport activity of NPs across the cell membrane, and this combined with impaired cell membrane function making the reduced cell's growth potential [15,26]. The interaction of bacterial cells with NPs probably yielded a reduction of net surface charges and this may have resulted in a decrease in relative change in capacitance response.…”

“…To date, most traditional biological methods for in vitro and in vivo toxicological studies of Ag NPs and other engineered NMs on microbial cells are based on cellular activity and proliferations. These methods include growth and viability assays [10][11][12], proteomic assays, reactive oxygen species (ROS) detection tests [13][14][15] and molecular-level evaluations based on genetic responses [5,16,17] method [18]. Among all of the above methods, in vitro cytotoxicity methods are currently employed, which required labeling with fluorescent molecules for detection.…”

Combination of salinomycin and silver nanoparticles enhances apoptosis and autophagy in human ovarian cancer cells: an effective anticancer therapy

“…Chinese hamster ovary cells exposed to various concentrations of AgNPs induced oxidative stress, which in turn damaged the DNA, leading to apoptosis. 108 AgNPs significantly enhanced DNA fragmentation dose dependently, and treatment with p53 siRNA or pifithrin-α prevented DNA fragmentation. 42,109 Our results are in line with previous studies indicating that Sal and AgNPs could induce oxidative stress, dysfunction of mitochondria, and DNA fragmentation, eventually leading to apoptosis.…”