Simultaneous Coulomb Ejection of<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mi>K</mml:mi></mml:math>- and<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mi>L</mml:mi></mml:math>-Shell Electrons by Heavy, Charged Projectiles

Hansteen, J.M.; Mosebekk, O.P.

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.29.1361

Cited by 146 publications

(31 citation statements)

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“…The rest of the atom is treated as an inert core represented either by a screened Coulomb potential or by a model potential. In both cases, the independent-electron model (Hansteen and Mosebekk, 1972;McGuire and Weaver, 1977) is used for electron ejection from many-electron atoms. In the independent-electron model, correlations between the atomic electrons are neglected and it is assumed that each electron can be regarded as being independent.…”

Section: Classical-trajectory Monte Carlo Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electron production in proton collisions with atoms and molecules: energy distributions

1992

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All known data on the energy distribution of secondary electrons from collisions of protons with atoms and molecules have been reviewed and differential cross sections have been collected. The two experimental methods used to obtain the data are discussed and possible sources of error pointed out. Theoretical treatments are reviewed and several methods of checking the consistency of the data are discussed. Two semiempirical models have been chosen to represent the differential cross sections, and parameters for these models are given which fit the average of the experimental data, subject to known constraints. Recommended values of differential cross sections are given for ten target gases by means of these models. All known data on the energy distribution of secondary electrons from collisions of protons with atoms and molecules have been reviewed and differential cross sections have been collected. The two experimental methods used to obtain the data are discussed and possible sources of error pointed out. Theoretical treatments are reviewed and several methods of checking the consistency of the data are discussed. Two semiempirical models have been chosen to represent the differential cross sections, and parameters for these models are given which fit the average of the experimental data, subject to known constraints. Recommended values of differential cross sections are given for ten target gases by means of these models. ©1992

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Section: Classical-trajectory Monte Carlo Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electron production in proton collisions with atoms and molecules: energy distributions

1992

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“…The theoretical ratios were calculated for projectiles with zero, one-and two-K-shell electrons (0, 1, 2), and for projectiles with equilibrium charge-state distribution in the target ͑av͒. [22] and were found to be approximately twofold smaller than expected from the CTMC calculations. Deviation of distributions from the binomial shape was also observed.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 92%

Double-K-shell ionization of Mg and Si induced in collisions with C and Ne ions

et al. 2004

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The satellite and hypersatellite K x-ray emission of a thin Mg foil and thick polycrystalline Si target bombarded by 34-MeV C and 50-MeV Ne ions was measured using high-resolution crystal diffractometry. The corresponding projectile reduced velocities v / v K were 1.09 and 0.92 for C ions and 1.02, 0.86 for Ne ions in case of Mg and Si targets, respectively. An energy resolution of approximately 0.5 eV enabled separation of contributions corresponding to states with different numbers of K-and L-shell vacancies. The relative intensities of satellite and hypersatellite lines were determined by fitting the measured spectra with line shapes calculated using the GRASP92 computer code. To determine the production yields of initial states from the measured x-ray yields, the total decay schemes of initial states were considered. The decay schemes were also used to determine the relative intensities of components contributing to the observed K␣ satellites and hypersatellites and K␤ satellite intensities. Including theoretical predictions in the fitted model is crucial to analyze properly the K␣ hypersatellite region which overlaps the K␤ satellites. The initial-state production yields were then used to determine the L-shell ionization probabilities and the double-to single-K-shell ionization ratio corresponding to the four investigated collisions. The experimental values were compared to the theoretical predictions obtained within the independent electron model using single-electron ionization probabilities calculated by the three-body classical trajectory Monte Carlo (CTMC) method. Since the targets used were thick enough, the equilibrium projectile charge-state distributions in the solid media were assumed. While for the double-to single-K-shell ionization ratios a satisfactory agreement was observed between the CTMC predictions and our experimental results, the L-shell ionization probabilities were found to be overestimated by the CTMC calculations by a factor of about 2.

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“…Such a wave function is correct only for non-interacting fermions, but it samples the inter-electronic forces. By this assumption (6) reduces to a coupled set of SP TDSE's for the orbitals that make up the Slater determinant:…”

Section: Theory 2i S1ationary Scattering Theory Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…changes in electron binding and polarization effects induced by the projectile are ignored; in the partial wave analysis of (2) it is assumed that the electronic wave function does not depend on R, justified by the sudden approximation. q-fold electron ionization probabilities are calculated by combining the results from individual shells according to the shel|-IPM [6]. Using the SP ionization probabilities for each active shell one forms products of these and sums all combinations that lead to a given charge state q of the recoiling target ion.…”

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confidence: 99%

Theory of multiple ionization and capture in energetic ion-atom collisions

Horbatsch

1991

Z Phys D - Atoms, Molecules and Clusters

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A b s t r a c tThis short review includes classical, semiclassica] and quantal methods. Information about charge state population as a function of scattering angle and about the distribution of ionized electrons in energy and solid angle can be extracted for projectile energies in the range of 50 keV/amu up to 1 GeV/amu. I n t r o d u c t i o nThe subject of this review concerns many electron processes in heavy ion collisions, mainly capture and multiple ionization (MI). We discuss the following problem: a bare nucleus of charge i impinges on a neutral target atom with N electrons and produces a q-fold charged recoil ion by capturing m and ionizing n electrons:In the early work only the recoil ions were detected [2] (recoil ion production cross sections) while a coincidence count of projectile ions with known charge state with the recoils yields charge state correlated cross sections [3]. Most theories dealing with this problem do not rely on a quantum mechanical (QM) description, but on semiclassicat or classical approximations. This works well for the prediction of the population of charge states on projectile and target after the collision and for information differential in projectile (and target) scattering angle and for electron emission spectra. Detailed QM information, such as quasiresonant K-K shell exchange can be obtained in density functional theory (DFT). The problem of N electrons and the two colliding nuclei is usually reduced to an explicitly time dependent (TD) N -b o d y problem with a fixed nuclear trajectory. This elimination of two degrees of freedom is convenient as long as one is interested in total charge state production cross sections. For information differential in the projectile or target scattering angle it poses a problem insofar as the information about deflection is contained in the phase of the nuclear scattering wave function. A further common simplification is to reduce the remaining explicitly TD many body problem to an independent particle model (IPM), such as e.g. the TD ttartree-Fock approximation or simplifications thereof. For many purposes it is sufficient to further simplify and give up on shell structure. At this level the model becomes statistical in nature, is based on the h = 0 limit and is related either to the TD Thomas-Fermi or the Vtasov model. To regain QM information it is possible to use the mean field potential from such a calculation in an effective single-particle TD SehrSdinger equation (SE), which amounts to a DFT approach.Three other approaches that do not rely on this 'standard' sequence of approximation have been applied: (i) an IPM based on perturbative expansions from stationary scattering theory, (ii) classical N+2-body calculations, and (iii) purely statistical models (energy deposition model) which do not attempt to follow the detailed evolution of the collision [1]. This review does not contain material about heavy ion collisions at low energies, where highly charged recoil ions are predominantly produced by capture. Theory 2.I S1ationary scatte...

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Simultaneous Coulomb Ejection ofK- andL-Shell Electrons by Heavy, Charged Projectiles

Cited by 146 publications

References 4 publications

Electron production in proton collisions with atoms and molecules: energy distributions

Electron production in proton collisions with atoms and molecules: energy distributions

Double-K-shell ionization of Mg and Si induced in collisions with C and Ne ions

Theory of multiple ionization and capture in energetic ion-atom collisions

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