Social Cognition in Autism and Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders: The Same but Different?

Boada, Leticia; Lahera, Guillermo; Pina‐Camacho, Laura; Merchán-Naranjo, Jessica; Díaz‐Caneja, Covadonga M.; Bellón, José María; Ruíz-Vargas, José María; Parellada, Mara

doi:10.1007/s10803-020-04408-4

Cited by 26 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 89 publications

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“…Fragile common sense erodes interpersonal attunement (and vice versa) and may drive individuals towards an eccentric selfpositioning that is marginal to commonsensical reality, situating them at the edges of socially shared beliefs 70 and values 69,71 . Fragile common sense relates to the subjective feelings of being "odd" 60,72 or "weird" 56 (see Figure 1).…”

Section: Loss Of Common Sense and Natural Self-evidencementioning

confidence: 99%

The lived experience of psychosis: a bottom‐up review co‐written by experts by experience and academics

et al. 2022

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Psychosis is the most ineffable experience of mental disorder. We provide here the first co‐written bottom‐up review of the lived experience of psychosis, whereby experts by experience primarily selected the subjective themes, that were subsequently enriched by phenomenologically‐informed perspectives. First‐person accounts within and outside the medical field were screened and discussed in collaborative workshops involving numerous individuals with lived experience of psychosis as well as family members and carers, representing a global network of organizations. The material was complemented by semantic analyses and shared across all collaborators in a cloud‐based system. The early phases of psychosis (i.e., premorbid and prodromal stages) were found to be characterized by core existential themes including loss of common sense, perplexity and lack of immersion in the world with compromised vital contact with reality, heightened salience and a feeling that something important is about to happen, perturbation of the sense of self, and need to hide the tumultuous inner experiences. The first episode stage was found to be denoted by some transitory relief associated with the onset of delusions, intense self‐referentiality and permeated self‐world boundaries, tumultuous internal noise, and dissolution of the sense of self with social withdrawal. Core lived experiences of the later stages (i.e., relapsing and chronic) involved grieving personal losses, feeling split, and struggling to accept the constant inner chaos, the new self, the diagnosis and an uncertain future. The experience of receiving psychiatric treatments, such as inpatient and outpatient care, social interventions, psychological treatments and medications, included both positive and negative aspects, and was determined by the hope of achieving recovery, understood as an enduring journey of reconstructing the sense of personhood and re‐establishing the lost bonds with others towards meaningful goals. These findings can inform clinical practice, research and education. Psychosis is one of the most painful and upsetting existential experiences, so dizzyingly alien to our usual patterns of life and so unspeakably enigmatic and human.

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Section: Loss Of Common Sense and Natural Self-evidencementioning

confidence: 99%

The lived experience of psychosis: a bottom‐up review co‐written by experts by experience and academics

et al. 2022

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“…But in SCZ, face recognition was preserved, and observed affective ToM difficulties were not associated with face recognition. These findings add crucial data that help resolve the debate in the literature regarding the extent to which SCZ and ASD are disorders with distinct social–cognitive mechanisms (Boada et al, 2020; Eack, 2020). It has previously been argued that similar behavioral outcomes in ASD and SCZ can result from distinct causes, without implying mechanistic differences (Crespi, 2020; Crespi & Badcock, 2008).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 64%

Face perception predicts affective theory of mind in autism spectrum disorder but not schizophrenia or typical development.

Altschuler¹,

Trevisan²,

Wolf³

et al. 2021

Journal of Abnormal Psychology

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Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and schizophrenia spectrum disorder (SCZ) have overlapping symptomatology related to difficulties with social cognition. Yet, few studies have directly compared social cognition in ASD, SCZ, and typical development (TD). The current study examined individual differences in face recognition and its relation to affective theory of mind (ToM) in each diagnostic group. Adults with ASD (n = 31), SCZ (n = 43), and TD (n = 47) between the ages of 18 and 48 years-old with full scale IQ above 80 participated in this study. The Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test (RMET) measured affective ToM, and the Benton Facial Recognition Test (BFRT) measured face perception. Adults with ASD and SCZ did not differ in their affective ToM abilities, and both groups showed affective ToM difficulties compared with TD. However, better face recognition ability uniquely predicted better affective ToM ability in ASD. Results suggest that affective ToM difficulties may relate to face processing in ASD but not SCZ. By clarifying the complex nature of individual differences in affective ToM and face recognition difficulties in these disorders, the present study suggests there may be divergent mechanisms underlying pathways to social dysfunction in ASD compared with SCZ.

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“…Second, we measured social awareness deficits by a caregiver-reported questionnaire rather than a social cognition task. Although the observation from caregivers may better reflect the social function of ASD participants in daily life (particularly for the ASD youth), a social cognition task that targets the specific social deficit of ASD (e.g., ( Boada et al, 2020 )) may provide a standard objective measure and thus should be considered. Third, although the number of our sample is one of the large-scale imaging genetic studies in ASD, the sample size of the current study still may not have adequate power to detect small effect differences in the scale of gene research, which is particularly true for common variants.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Altered cingulate structures and the associations with social awareness deficits and CNTNAP2 gene in autism spectrum disorder

Chien

Chen

Gau

2021

NeuroImage: Clinical

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Highlights ASD individuals showed thinner cortical thickness in bilateral cingulate subregions. The right anterior cingulate WM volume was correlated with social awareness deficit. The CNTNAP2 variant might be associated with the right middle cingulate WM volume. The CNTNAP2 might interact with ASD diagnosis and age on the cortical thickness.

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Social Cognition in Autism and Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders: The Same but Different?

Cited by 26 publications

References 89 publications

The lived experience of psychosis: a bottom‐up review co‐written by experts by experience and academics

The lived experience of psychosis: a bottom‐up review co‐written by experts by experience and academics

Face perception predicts affective theory of mind in autism spectrum disorder but not schizophrenia or typical development.

Altered cingulate structures and the associations with social awareness deficits and CNTNAP2 gene in autism spectrum disorder

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