Soft Nanotechnology with Soft Nanoparticles

Nayak, Satish; Lyon, L. Andrew

doi:10.1002/chin.200607300

Cited by 75 publications

(114 citation statements)

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“…Electronic mail: pich@dwi.rwth-aachen.de microgels with their unique properties can enhance. Recently, numerous reports on the nanogel/microgel synthesis, 10 characterization, 11-13 modification 14,15 and application in drug delivery, 16,17 design of biomaterials, 18 development of sensors 19 are emerging, thereby illustrating the potential of the crosslinked polymer colloids in a wide range of applications (and fundamental research).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of hybrid microgels by coupling of laser ablation and polymerization in aqueous medium

Nachev

Zand

Coger

et al. 2012

Journal of Laser Applications

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Loading microgels with bioactive nanoparticles (NPs) often requires multiple synthesis and purification steps, and organic solvents or precursors that are difficult to remove from the gel. Hence, a fast and aqueous synthesis procedure would facilitate the synthesis of inorganic–organic hybrid microgels. Two microgel compounds were hybridized with laser-generated zinc oxide (ZnO) NPs prepared in a single-step procedure. ZnO NPs were formed by laser ablation in liquid, while the polymer microgels were synthesized in-situ inside the ablation chamber. Further, the authors report the preparation of two different microgel systems. The first one was produced without the use of chemical initiator forming hydrogels with ZnO NPs and diffuse morpholgy. Typical microgel colloids were also synthesized via a conventional chemical method in a preheated reaction chamber. The existence of microgel colloids partially loaded with ZnO NPs was confirmed in a transmission electron microscopy investigation. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic measurements and dynamic light scattering verify the formation of polymer colloids. These initial results indicate the application potential of laser ablation in microgel precursor solution for the fabrication of polymeric carriers for inorganic nanoparticles. Preliminary biological tests using zinc chloride demonstrated negative dose effects on primary cell culture with zinc concentrations above 200 μM but no noticeable influence at 100 μM.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of hybrid microgels by coupling of laser ablation and polymerization in aqueous medium

Nachev

Zand

Coger

et al. 2012

Journal of Laser Applications

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“…polysaccharides) or synthetic (i.e. polyacrylamice;P AA) hydrophilic polymerst hat produce ah ighly viscous solutions or gels [24].H ydrophobica nd ionic associated domains form ordered junction zones, which are responsible for the viscosity and gel characteristics. Polymers with anionic groups as PAAw hich is ac opolymer with acrylic acid containinga nionic carboxylates, can be further stiffenedb yf ormingi onotropic gels by complexation with high valenti ons as Cr + 3 ,A l + 3 ,orFe + 3 .…”

Section: Hydrogelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gels as Energy Dissipation Media for Energetic Materials Desensitization

Weitz

Korogodsky

Tsoglin

et al. 2015

Propellants Explo Pyrotec

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1IntroductionEnergetic materials pose ad anger of unintentionali nitiation causing fatalities and damage whileh andling and processing. It is therefore not surprising that efficient desensitization practices ares till activelyp erused. In principle several mitigationm ethods are available when aimingt owards explosive desensitization:( 1) improving crystalq uality [1];( 2) decreasingc rystals ize [2];( 3) coating with an inert material [3] or another insensitive explosive[ 4];( 4) stabilizingt he energetic material using specific host-guest interactions [5];a nd (5) simple dilution with inert materials.An example of such am ethod is the premixingo ft he highly sensitive explosive-filler hexanitrohexaazaisowurzitane (HNIW,a lso knowna sC L-20) with 1-10 %p lasticizer prior to introduction to the elastomer during PBX manufacture [6].T his is reported to lowert he friction sensitivity of the explosive by 230-350 %a ccording to the plasticizer chosen.Improvised explosives, especially poly-peroxide explosives triacetone triperoxide (TATP) and hexamethylenet riperoxide diamine (HMTD) raise the question of sensitivity to higherl evels [7].N ot only these materials are amongt he easiest to make, they are in comparisont os econdary military explosives RDX and HMX, much more sensitive in terms of their responset of riction, impact, or thermal insults [8].A dditionals ensitivity stemsf rom their impromptu production nature. For instance, improper washingo rn eutralizationo fr esidual acidsm akes these already highly sensitive materials even more sensitive and prone to unexpected violentdecomposition [8].Means for safe handling of peroxides were developed as part of safetyp ractices in industrial processes where perox-ide are used as initiators in radical polymerization [9].A n attempt to lower the sensitivity of TATP and HMTD by sprayingw ith commercial WD-40 oil [10] was reported, but the friction sensitivity at even > 50 %o il was still high. When considering clearing peroxide in large quantities, material destruction is not as imple or as afe option. Destruction by thermolysisi nahigh boiling solvent [11] or reduction using nanometric molybdenum hydrogen bronze [12] is only possible in small quantities. Direct destruction using strong acidsi sn ot applicable even in gram quantities, since the material detonates at this scale [13].O nly recently Oxley's group [ 14] has devisedat wo step method to destruct TATP by moistening the material with an alcoholic solution followed by additiono fa nacid. The procedure was reported to completely hydrolyze TATP within 0.5 h.We aimed to developageneral method to stabilize and desensitize various explosives with an emphasis on peroxide materials. The application should be with minimal material manipulations (e.g. transferring, stirring, heating etc.), and preferably ap hysical method with little as possible heat production, obviatingt he necessity for reliable preliminary identificationw hen using material-tailored methods. We have envisionedt hat gelation of al iquid medium [a] A.Abst...

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“…A new generation of nanomedicines has emerged, which uses novel self-assembled nanomaterials for drug and gene delivery [116][117][118][119][120][121][122]. Examples include polymeric micelles [118,[123][124][125][126], DNA/polycation complexes ("polyplexes") [127][128][129][130][131][132][133][134][135], block ionomer complexes [116,[136][137][138][139], nanogels [140][141][142][143][144] and others.…”

Section: Nanocarriers For Cns Drug Deliverymentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanomedicine in the diagnosis and therapy of neurodegenerative disorders

Kabanov

Gendelman

2007

Progress in Polymer Science

242

138

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Neurodegenerative and infectious disorders including Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and stroke are rapidly increasing as population's age. Alzheimer's disease alone currently affects 4.5 million Americans, and more than $100 billion is spent per year on medical and institutional care for affected people. Such numbers will double in the ensuing decades. Currently disease diagnosis for all disorders is made, in large measure, on clinical grounds as laboratory and neuroimaging tests confirm what is seen by more routine examination. Achieving early diagnosis would enable improved disease outcomes. Drugs, vaccines or regenerative proteins present "real" possibilities for positively affecting disease outcomes, but are limited in that their entry into the brain is commonly restricted across the blood-brain barrier. This review highlights how these obstacles can be overcome by polymer science and nanotechnology. Such approaches may improve diagnostic and therapeutic outcomes. New developments in polymer science coupled with cell-based delivery strategies support the notion that diseases that now have limited therapeutic options can show improved outcomes by advances in nanomedicine.

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Soft Nanotechnology with Soft Nanoparticles

Abstract: ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access the actual ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.

Cited by 75 publications

References 1 publication

Synthesis of hybrid microgels by coupling of laser ablation and polymerization in aqueous medium

Synthesis of hybrid microgels by coupling of laser ablation and polymerization in aqueous medium

Gels as Energy Dissipation Media for Energetic Materials Desensitization

Nanomedicine in the diagnosis and therapy of neurodegenerative disorders

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