Solubility Products of Titanium Sulphide and Carbosulphide in Ultra-low Carbon Steels.

Yang, Xiaohong; Vanderschueren, Dirk; Dilewijns, Jozef; Standaert, Christian; Houbaert, Yván

doi:10.2355/isijinternational.36.1286

Cited by 57 publications

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“…Yang et al 8) compared the experimental results of several research groups 1,14,15) with the mole fraction of precipitates predicted using their solubility products and those of Yoshinaga et al 7) Both sets of solubility products produced results which did not always agree with the experimental results and thus at this point it is difficult to access which solubility products should be preferred. The spread in solubility products calculated thus far can be seen in Fig.…”

Section: Solubility Of Titanium Carbosulfide In Austenitementioning

confidence: 99%

“…In an effort to understand and predict titanium carbosulfide precipitation, several researchers 2,[6][7][8][9][10][11] have studied and estimated the solubility product and Gibbs free energy of formation of this phase.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The first estimation of the Gibbs free energy of formation for Ti 2 CS was made by Liu and Jonas 8) and was calculated by assuming that Ti 2 CS is an ideal solution of TiC and TiS in order to calculate the temperature dependent entropy term and by using the sulfur partition coefficients calculated by Liu et al 6) From these coefficients, the Gibbs free energy at a particular temperature can be estimated, assuming a limited mutual solubility between MnS and Ti 2 CS,* 1 D°G Ti 4 C 2 S 2 ϭϪ1 194.5ϩ0.231T kJ/mol.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Solubility of Titanium Carbosulfide in Austenite.

Iorio¹,

Garrison

2002

ISIJ International

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Section: Solubility Of Titanium Carbosulfide In Austenitementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Solubility of Titanium Carbosulfide in Austenite.

Iorio¹,

Garrison

2002

ISIJ International

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“…Cu-S would have been most likely overlooked if TEM sample were prepared without any efforts to observe the Cuincluding phase and to remove a TEM-attributable ''ghost Cu peak'', 13) because the origin of ''ghost Cu peak'' exists in various Cu-including parts inside TEM, such as a pole piece, a sample holder or a Cu grid for a replica sample. 13) As a matter of fact, it is true that Cu peak is visible at EDX spectra in some reports, 47,51,53,58,66) but it is not clear whether it comes from Cu-S or Cu ghost peak.…”

Section: Purpose Of Our Studies and Reviews Of Past Reportsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63][64][65][66][68][69][70][71][72][73][74] In addition, (d) solubility products of TiS and Ti 4 C 2 S 2 in austenite region have been proposed by many groups. 31,35,37,44,52,53,62,68) It has often been stated that sulfide precipitation in austenite phase can be fully described through thermodynamical calculation, but all the calculations are not always consistent with each other. The reasons behind the discrepancies are not clear, and it is not understood why proposed solubility products have not yet been standardized into a real one, although they describe the same phenomenon.…”

Section: Purpose Of Our Studies and Reviews Of Past Reportsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sulfide Precipitation in Titanium-Added Steel with Residual Level of Copper (1) —Precipitation in Austenite Region—

Ishiguro¹,

Murayama²,

Fujita³

et al. 2009

Mater. Trans.

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The authors previously reported that even a trace level of copper (0.01% Cu) acts as a sulfide-former to form copper sulfide (Cu-S) in nonTi-added steel in which Mn has been thought to be the only sulfide-former so far. A new concept of copper-related sulfide precipitation is now extended to Ti-added steel. In addition, the total sulfide precipitation in Ti-added steel is reconfigured with the new knowledge of Cu-S. The new concept is shown in three consecutive papers. This first paper focuses on the sulfide precipitation in austenite-heat-treated Ti-added steel.Through TEM observation and quantitative chemical analysis, it is reported that the sulfide precipitation in austenite-heat-treated Ti-added steel reflects not only the precipitation in the austenite region but also the inevitable precipitation behavior during the cooling process from austenite to ferrite region, especially trace-level-Cu-induced Cu-S precipitation in ferrite region during rapid cooling. The mechanism of the inevitable sulfide precipitation during the cooling process is mainly based upon TiS-decomposition-induced morphological change and the reprecipitation of sulfur which remains solute over precipitatable limit during the heat-treatment in austenite region, and is precisely discussed in relation with Cu-S precipitation. Purpose of Our Studies and Reviews of Past ReportsThrough three consecutive papers, 1,2) the authors demonstrate the comprehensive concepts of sulfide precipitation in Ti-added steel in austenite and ferrite regions with the addition of a new concept of copper sulfide (Cu-S) precipitation induced by a small amount of 0.01%Cu, as well as the rarely-mentioned concept that Ti 4 C 2 S 2 and MnS are formed in ferrite region. The first paper focuses on sulfide precipitation in austenite region, including the phenomena in austenite-heat-treated Ti-added steel with the subsequent various cooling pattern.The following review provides explanations and comments on past studies of Cu-related precipitation, together with our purposes. These items are mentioned only in this paper, the first part of three consecutive papers. Therefore, the following description includes phenomena in both austenite and ferrite regions, because these phenomena are related to each other and cannot be completely separated. Table 1 shows the overviews of past studies on both Curelated precipitation in steel and sulfide precipitation in steel, together with the purpose of the three consecutive studies. Each item below is referred to as a ''parenthetic No.'' in Table 1. First of all, it has been believed as an established theory that (1) a small amount of Cu in non-Ti-added steel exists as solid solution, and many people have not paid any attentions to it. However, as our group has already pointed out, (2) such a trace level of Cu acts as a sulfide-former to form copper sulfide (Cu-S) in non-Ti-added steel whose sulfide-former is only Mn (more precisely, 0.01%Cu). [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] The first purpose is (#1) to...

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The effect of coiling temperature and continuous annealing on the properties of bake hardenable IF steels

1996

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Five bake hardenable IF steels were investigated. The transformation and recrystallization behaviour, the precipitation and the mechanical properties were studied. The coiling temperature was varied between 580 and 720°C. Soaking was carried out in a temperature range from 700 to 900°C and the soaking time ranged from 60 to 240 s. It was found that boron significantly retards transformation and recrystallization. The bake hardening is increased but deep drawability is lowered by boron additions. In the Ti‐containing steels, TiS, Ti4C2S2 and MnS precipitate competitively during the hot rolling process after reheating to 1250°C. To obtain a reasonable bake hardening effect, the amount of carbide forming elements should be substoichiometrical related to C.

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Solubility Products of Titanium Sulphide and Carbosulphide in Ultra-low Carbon Steels.

Abstract: The equilibrium precipitation behaviour of Ti

Cited by 57 publications

References 0 publications

Solubility of Titanium Carbosulfide in Austenite.

Solubility of Titanium Carbosulfide in Austenite.

Sulfide Precipitation in Titanium-Added Steel with Residual Level of Copper (1) —Precipitation in Austenite Region—

The effect of coiling temperature and continuous annealing on the properties of bake hardenable IF steels

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Solubility Products of Titanium Sulphide and Carbosulphide in Ultra-low Carbon Steels.

Abstract: The equilibrium precipitation behaviour of Ti

Cited by 57 publications

References 0 publications

Solubility of Titanium Carbosulfide in Austenite.

Solubility of Titanium Carbosulfide in Austenite.

Sulfide Precipitation in Titanium-Added Steel with Residual Level of Copper (1) &mdash;Precipitation in Austenite Region&mdash;

The effect of coiling temperature and continuous annealing on the properties of bake hardenable IF steels

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Sulfide Precipitation in Titanium-Added Steel with Residual Level of Copper (1) —Precipitation in Austenite Region—