Solvent extraction followed by ultraviolet detection for investigation of tetramethylthiuram disulfide at soil-water interface

Priyantha, Namal; Navaratne, Ayanthi; Ekanayake, Chandima B.; Ratnayake, Amila Sandaruwan

doi:10.1007/bf03326052

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 28 publications

(23 reference statements)

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“…Thiram is slightly toxic by ingestion and inhalation and moderately toxic by dermal absorption. [2] Human chronic exposure may cause headache, nausea, diarrhea and other gastrointestinal problems. [3] The metabolites of thiram are reported to have toxicological concern.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of degradation products of thiram in water, soil and plants using LC-MS technique

Gupta

Rani

Kumar

et al. 2012

Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part B

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In order to evaluate the deleterious effects of exposure to pesticides on a target population, a comprehensive study on their degradation in the various segments of ecosystem under varying environmental conditions is needed. In view of this, a study has been carried out on the metabolic pathways of thiram, a dithiocarbamate fungicide, in a variety of matrices namely water and soil under controlled conditions and plants in field conditions. The identification of degradation products was carried out in samples collected at various time points using LC-MS. The degradation products identified can be rationalized as originating by a variety of processes like hydrolysis, oxidation, N-dealkylation and cyclization. As a result of these processes the presence of some metabolites like dimethyl dithiocarbamate, bis(dimethyl carbamoyl) disulphide, bis(dimethyl dithiocarbamoyl) trisulphide and N-methyl-amino-dithiocarbamoyl sulphide was observed in all the cases. However, some different metabolites were observed with the change in the matrix or its characteristics such as cyclised products 2(N, N-dimethyl amino)thiazoline carboxylic acid and 2-thioxo-4-thiazolidine were observed only in plants. The investigations reflect that degradation initiates with hydrolysis, subsequently oxidation/dealkylation, followed by different types of reactions. The pathways seem to be complex and dependent on the matrices. Dimethyl dithiocarbamate and oxon metabolites, which are more toxic than parent compound, seem to persist for a longer time. Results indicate persistence vis-a-vis toxicity of pesticide and its metabolites and also provide a data bank of metabolites for forensic and epidemiological investigations.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of degradation products of thiram in water, soil and plants using LC-MS technique

Gupta

Rani

Kumar

et al. 2012

Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part B

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“…The commonly used procedures for removing metal ions from aqueous streams include phytoremediation, chemical precipitation, lime coagulation, ion exchange, reverse osmosis and solvent extraction (Priyantha et al, 2008;Shah et al, 2009). However the disadvantages like incomplete metal removal, high reagent and energy requirements, generation of toxic sludge or other waste products that require careful disposal has made these methods comparatively cost effective for removing heavy metals from aqueous effluents (Ahalya et al, 2003;Abdel-Ghani and Elchaghaby, 2007;Chien and Shih, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of mango biomass (Mangifera indica L) as a cationic biosorbent

Ashraf

Maah

Yusoff

2010

Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Unfertilizable fruiting buds of mango plant Mangifera Indica L, an agrowaste, is used as a biomass in this study. The efficacy of the biosorbent was tested for the removal of lead, copper, zinc and nickel metal ions using batch experiments in single and binary metal solution under controlled experimental conditions. It is found that metal sorption increases when the equilibrium metal concentration rises. At highest experimental solution concentration used (150 mg/L), the removal of metal ions were 82.76 % for lead, 76.60 % for copper, 63.35 % for zinc and 59.35 % for nickel while at lowest experimental solution concentration (25 mg/L), the removal of metal ions were 92.00% for lead, 86.84 % for copper, 83.96 % for zinc and 82.29 % for nickel. Biosorption equilibrium isotherms were plotted for metal uptake capacity (q) against residual metal concentrations (C f ) in solution. The q versus C f sorption isotherm relationship was mathematically expressed by Langmuir and Freundlich models. The values of separation factor were between zero and one indicating favourable sorption for four tested metals on the biosorbent. The surface coverage values were approaching unity with increasing solution concentration indicating effectiveness of biosorbent under investigation. The non-living biomass of Mangifera indica L present comparable biosorption capacity for lead, copper, zinc and nickel metal ions with other types of biosorbent materials found in literature and is effective to remove metal ions from single metal solutions as well as in the presence of other co-ions with the main metal of solution. Keyword s: Biomass; Efficacy; Isotherm; Multi metal; Single metal; Sorption INTRODUCTIONWater is essential for life on earth. Ninety-seven percent of the water on the earth is salt water. Two percent of the water on earth is glacier ice at the north and south poles and only less then one percent of all the water on earth is fresh water that actually available for drinking, agriculture, domestic and industrial consumption. Moreover, the rest is locked up in oceans as salt water, polar ice caps, glaciers and underground reservoirs. Rapid industrialization and population growth have increased water demands but the supply is limited. This available limited quantity of water is also polluted by variety of pollutants. The major sources of water contamination are domestic, industrial and agricultural, as well as solid waste pollution, thermal pollution, shipping water pollution and radioactive wastes (Tyagi and Mehra, 1994). Heavy metals such as zinc, lead and chromium have a number of applications in basic engineering works, paper and pulp industries, leather tanning, organochemicals, petrochemicals,

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“…The isotherms indicate that greater amount of thiram was adsorbed in the order of black soil > sandy loam soil > alluvial soil. The higher adsorption on black soil may be due to relatively more organic matter content and neutral soil pH as compared to other soils 20 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Effect of Organic Matter on Adsorption and Persistence of Thiram Fungicide in Different Soils

Srivastava¹,

Singh²,

Mani³

2013

Asian J. Chem.

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The Freundlich equation provides a good fit (r 2 > 0.99) for the adsorption data on thiram in all the soils. The Freundlich constant (K) value for thiram in Farm Yard Manure (FYM) treated soils were more than in corresponding untreated soils. Thiram showed 'L' type isotherm curve (1/n < 1) indicated non-linear relationship between the thiram concentration and adsorption. The negative magnitude of Gibbs free energy (∆G) indicate that the adsorption was exothermic and spontaneity process. The persistence of thiram indicated a close correspondence to the (r 2 > 0.92) first order exponential degradation kinetics in the soils and mainly influenced by soil organic matter. The half-life (T1/2) value of thiram was highest for alluvial soil followed by sandy loam and black soils.

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Solvent extraction followed by ultraviolet detection for investigation of tetramethylthiuram disulfide at soil-water interface

Cited by 10 publications

References 28 publications

Identification of degradation products of thiram in water, soil and plants using LC-MS technique

Identification of degradation products of thiram in water, soil and plants using LC-MS technique

Study of mango biomass (Mangifera indica L) as a cationic biosorbent

Effect of Organic Matter on Adsorption and Persistence of Thiram Fungicide in Different Soils

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